The Role of Rehearsal on the Output Order of Immediate Free Recall of Short and Long Lists

Autor/inn/en	Grenfell-Essam, Rachel; Ward, Geoff; Tan, Lydia
Titel	The Role of Rehearsal on the Output Order of Immediate Free Recall of Short and Long Lists
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39 (2013) 2, S. 317-347 PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/a0028974
Schlagwörter	Forschungsbericht; Foreign Countries; Recall (Psychology); Review (Reexamination); Repetition; Word Lists; Learning Processes; Time Factors (Learning); Comparative Analysis; Psychometrics; Experiments; College Students; United Kingdom + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ausland; Abberufung; Wiederholungsprüfung; Wiederholung; Wortliste; Learning process; Lernprozess; Psychometry; Psychometrie; Erprobung; Collegestudent; Großbritannien
Abstract	Participants tend to initiate immediate free recall (IFR) of short lists of words with the very first word on the list. Three experiments examined whether rehearsal is necessary for this recent finding. In Experiment 1, participants were presented with lists of between 2 and 12 words for IFR at a fast, medium, or slow rate, with and without articulatory suppression (AS). The tendency to initiate output with the first item for short lists (a) did not change greatly when presentation rate was increased from a medium to a fast rate under normal conditions, (b) was reduced but not eliminated by AS, and (c) was maintained at slower rates when rehearsal was allowed but decreased at slower rates when rehearsal was prevented. In Experiment 2, the overt rehearsal methodology was used, and the tendency to initiate output with the first item for short lists was present even in the absence of overt rehearsal. Experiment 3 re-examined IFR under normal encoding conditions and replicated the main findings from the normal encoding conditions of Experiment 1 while using the presentation rates and list lengths of Experiment 2. We argue that rehearsal is not strictly necessary for the tendency to initiate recall with the first item under normal conditions, but rehearsal nevertheless contributes to this effect at slower rates. (Contains 3 tables and 14 figures.) (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org/publications
Begutachtung	Peer reviewed
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10