Probability and Surprisal in Auditory Comprehension of Morphologically Complex Words

Autor/inn/en	Balling, Laura Winther; Baayen, R. Harald
Titel	Probability and Surprisal in Auditory Comprehension of Morphologically Complex Words
Quelle	In: Cognition, 125 (2012) 1, S.80-106 (27 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0010-0277
DOI	10.1016/j.cognition.2012.06.003
Schlagwörter	Evidence; Information Theory; Listening Comprehension; Phonemes; Word Recognition; Probability; Experiments; Auditory Stimuli; Prediction; Language Processing; Feedback (Response); Time Factors (Learning) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Evidenz; Informationstheorie; Hörverständnis; Fonem; Worterkennung; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Erprobung; Auditive Stimulation; Vorhersage; Sprachverarbeitung
Abstract	Two auditory lexical decision experiments document for morphologically complex words two points at which the probability of a target word given the evidence shifts dramatically. The first point is reached when morphologically unrelated competitors are no longer compatible with the evidence. Adapting terminology from Marslen-Wilson (1984), we refer to this as the word's initial uniqueness point (UP1). The second point is the complex uniqueness point (CUP) introduced by Balling and Baayen (2008), at which morphologically related competitors become incompatible with the input. Later initial as well as complex uniqueness points predict longer response latencies. We argue that the effects of these uniqueness points arise due to the large surprisal (Levy, 2008) carried by the phonemes at these uniqueness points, and provide independent evidence that how cumulative surprisal builds up in the course of the word co-determines response latencies. The presence of effects of surprisal, both at the initial uniqueness point of complex words, and cumulatively throughout the word, challenges the Shortlist B model of Norris and McQueen (2008), and suggests that a Bayesian approach to auditory comprehension requires complementation from information theory in order to do justice to the cognitive cost of updating probability distributions over lexical candidates. (Contains 16 tables and 9 figures.) (As Provided).
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Update	2017/4/10