Influence of Previous Knowledge, Language Skills and Domain-Specific Interest on Observation Competency

Autor/inn/en	Kohlhauf, Lucia; Rutke, Ulrike; Neuhaus, Birgit
Titel	Influence of Previous Knowledge, Language Skills and Domain-Specific Interest on Observation Competency
Quelle	In: Journal of Science Education and Technology, 20 (2011) 5, S.667-678 (12 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1059-0145
DOI	10.1007/s10956-011-9322-3
Schlagwörter	Play; Observation; Research Methodology; Biological Sciences; Language Skills; English (Second Language); Competence; Scientific Methodology; Elementary Secondary Education; Higher Education; Age Differences; Children + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Spiel; Beobachtung; Research method; Forschungsmethode; Abwasserbiologie; Language skill; Sprachkompetenz; English as second language; English; Second Language; Englisch als Zweitsprache; Kompetenz; Hochschulbildung; Hochschulsystem; Hochschulwesen; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Child; Kind; Kinder
Abstract	Many epoch-making biological discoveries (e.g. Darwinian Theory) were based upon observations. Nevertheless, observation is often regarded as "just looking" rather than a basic scientific skill. As observation is one of the main research methods in biological sciences, it must be considered as an independent research method and systematic practice of this method is necessary. Because observation skills form the basis of further scientific methods (e.g. experiments or comparisons) and children from the age of 4 years are able to independently generate questions and hypotheses, it seems possible to foster observation competency at a preschool level. To be able to provide development-adequate individual fostering of this competency, it is first necessary to assess each child's competency. Therefore, drawing on the recent literature, we developed in this study a competency model that was empirically evaluated within learners (N = 110) from different age groups, from kindergarten to university. In addition, we collected data on language skills, domain-specific interest and previous knowledge to analyse coherence between these skills and observation competency. The study showed as expected that previous knowledge had a high impact on observation competency, whereas the influence of domain-specific interest was nonexistent. Language skills were shown to have a weak influence. By utilising the empirically validated model consisting of three dimensions ("Describing", "Scientific reasoning" and "Interpreting") and three skill levels, it was possible to assess each child's competency level and to develop and evaluate guided play activities to individually foster a child's observation competency. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10