Contribution of Equal-Sign Instruction beyond Word-Problem Tutoring for Third-Grade Students with Mathematics Difficulty

Autor/inn/en	Powell, Sarah R.; Fuchs, Lynn S.
Titel	Contribution of Equal-Sign Instruction beyond Word-Problem Tutoring for Third-Grade Students with Mathematics Difficulty
Quelle	In: Journal of Educational Psychology, 102 (2010) 2, S.381-394 (14 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0022-0663
DOI	10.1037/a0018447
Schlagwörter	Elementary School Students; Word Problems (Mathematics); Mathematics Skills; Equations (Mathematics); Tutoring; Teaching Methods; Elementary School Mathematics; Mathematical Concepts; Problem Solving; Pretests Posttests; Learning Problems; Mathematics Instruction; Comparative Analysis; Reading Skills; Intelligence Quotient; Gender Differences; Racial Differences; African American Students; White Students; Hispanic American Students; Disabilities; Low Income Groups; English (Second Language); Grade Repetition; Iowa Tests of Basic Skills; Wide Range Achievement Test + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Textaufgabe; Mathmatics achievement; Mathematics ability; Mathematische Kompetenz; Equations; Mathematics; Gleichungslehre; Förderkonzept; Nachhilfeunterricht; Teaching method; Lehrmethode; Unterrichtsmethode; Elementare Mathematik; Schulmathematik; Problemlösen; Lernproblem; Mathematics lessons; Mathematikunterricht; Reading skill; Lesefertigkeit; Intelligenzquotient; Geschlechterkonflikt; Rassenunterschied; African Americans; Student; Students; Afroamerikaner; Schüler; Schülerin; Studentin; Hispanic; Hispanic Americans; Hispanoamerikaner; Handicap; Behinderung; English as second language; English; Second Language; Englisch als Zweitsprache; Repeat a school year; Repeating; Sitzen bleiben; Sitzenbleiben
Abstract	Elementary school students often misinterpret the equal sign (=) as an operational rather than a relational symbol. Such misunderstanding is problematic because solving equations with missing numbers may be important for the development of higher order mathematics skills, including solving word problems. Research indicates equal-sign instruction can alter how typically developing students use the equal sign, but no study has been conducted on the effects of such instruction for students with mathematics difficulty (MD) or how equal-sign instruction contributes to word-problem-solving skill for students with or without MD. In the present study, the authors assessed the efficacy of equal-sign instruction within word-problem tutoring. Third-grade students with MD (n = 80) were assigned to word-problem tutoring, word-problem tutoring plus equal-sign instruction (combined) tutoring, or no-tutoring control. Combined tutoring produced greater improvement on equal sign tasks and open equations than did the other 2 conditions. On certain forms of word problems, combined tutoring, but not word-problem tutoring alone, produced more improvement than did the control condition. When compared at posttest with 3rd-grade students without MD on equal-sign tasks and open equations, only combined tutoring students with MD performed comparably. (Contains 5 tables and 2 footnotes.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10