Speech-and-Gesture Integration in High Functioning Autism

Autor/inn/en	Silverman, Laura B.; Bennetto, Loisa; Campana, Ellen; Tanenhaus, Michael K.
Titel	Speech-and-Gesture Integration in High Functioning Autism
Quelle	In: Cognition, 115 (2010) 3, S.380-393 (14 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0010-0277
DOI	10.1016/j.cognition.2010.01.002
Schlagwörter	Comparative Analysis; Eye Movements; Autism; Human Body; Verbal Communication; Nonverbal Communication; Adolescents; Comprehension; Films; Visual Stimuli; Auditory Stimuli; Cognitive Processes; Sensory Integration + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Augenbewegung; Autismus; Menschlicher Körper; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Verstehen; Verständnis; Film; Auditive Stimulation; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Sensorische Integration
Abstract	This study examined iconic gesture comprehension in autism, with the goal of assessing whether cross-modal processing difficulties impede speech-and-gesture integration. Participants were 19 adolescents with high functioning autism (HFA) and 20 typical controls matched on age, gender, verbal IQ, and socio-economic status (SES). Gesture comprehension was assessed via quantitative analyses of visual fixations during a video-based task, using the visual world paradigm. Participants' eye movements were recorded while they watched videos of a person describing one of four shapes shown on a computer screen, using speech-and-gesture or speech-only descriptions. Participants clicked on the shape that the speaker described. Since gesture naturally precedes speech, earlier visual fixations to the target shape during speech-and-gesture compared to speech-only trials, would suggest immediate integration of auditory and visual information. Analyses of eye movements supported this pattern in control participants but not in individuals with autism: iconic gestures facilitated comprehension in typical individuals, while it hindered comprehension in those with autism. Cross-modal processing difficulties in autism were not accounted for by impaired unimodal speech or gesture processing. The results have important implications for the treatment of children and adults with this disorder. (Contains 3 figures and 3 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10