Private Tutoring and Mass Schooling in East Asia: Reflections of Inequality in Japan, South Korea, and Cambodia

Autor/in	Dawson, Walter
Titel	Private Tutoring and Mass Schooling in East Asia: Reflections of Inequality in Japan, South Korea, and Cambodia
Quelle	In: Asia Pacific Education Review, 11 (2010) 1, S.14-24 (11 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1598-1037
DOI	10.1007/s12564-009-9058-4
Schlagwörter	Foreign Countries; Tutoring; Equal Education; High Stakes Tests; Teaching Methods; Curriculum Design; Anxiety; Educational Policy; Educational Change; Asia; Cambodia; Japan; South Korea + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ausland; Förderkonzept; Nachhilfeunterricht; Teaching method; Lehrmethode; Unterrichtsmethode; Lehrplangestaltung; Angst; Politics of education; Bildungspolitik; Bildungsreform; Asien; Kambodscha; Korea; Republik
Abstract	This paper examines private tutoring systems in three East Asian countries (Japan, South Korea, and Cambodia) with the purpose of examining the relationship between those systems and formal education systems. The study of private tutoring systems in each nation can be used to reveal the inadequacies of the formal education system in meeting the ideal of equal opportunity of education in relation to high-stakes examinations. In each nation, the private tutoring system functions as a "shadow education market" to absorb unmet demand for additional education in a parasitic relationship with the formal system. Governments have enacted various policies to respond to the growing private tutoring systems which have proven largely ineffective and often led to further expansion. Pedagogical and curricular practices in the private tutoring systems have functioned to increase "anxiety" and "insecurity" in regard to the formal education system with the purpose of expanding the market. Studies of mass schooling systems and equal opportunity are incomplete without due consideration toward the role of the private tutoring system. Efforts toward education policy-making and reform to further the ideal of equal opportunity of education must be informed by such research on private tutoring. (Contains 6 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10