Measuring Attentional Ability in Older Adults: Development and Psychometric Evaluation of DriverScan

Autor/inn/en	Hoffman, Lesa; Yang, Xiangdong; Bovaird, James A.; Embretson, Susan E.
Titel	Measuring Attentional Ability in Older Adults: Development and Psychometric Evaluation of DriverScan
Quelle	In: Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66 (2006) 6, S.984-1000 (17 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0013-1644
DOI	10.1177/0013164406288170
Schlagwörter	Aging (Individuals); Item Response Theory; Models; Visual Perception; Attention; Older Adults; Psychometrics; Cognitive Processes; Measures (Individuals); Individual Differences; Spatial Ability; Attention Deficit Disorders + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Aging; Altern; Item-Response-Theorie; Analogiemodell; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Aufmerksamkeit; Älterer Erwachsener; Psychometry; Psychometrie; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Messdaten; Individueller Unterschied; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHS; Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit-Hyperaktivitäts-Störung; Aufmerksamkeitsstörung
Abstract	Although deficits in visual attention are often postulated as an important component of many declines in cognitive processing and functional outcomes in older adults, surprisingly little emphasis has been placed on evaluating psychometric instruments with which individual differences in visual attention ability can be assessed. This article reports the development and beginning psychometric evaluation of DriverScan, a change detection measure of attentional search for older adults. A constrained graded response model is used to approximate response speed and accuracy with categories of immediate, delayed, or no response. DriverScan items are shown to have excellent reliability over the studied sample, and the distribution of items is shown to adequately cover the difficulty continuum and to be maximally sensitive at distinguishing individuals with lower than average abilities (i.e., individuals with attention deficits). Item design features representing goal-directed and stimulus-driven attentional processing significantly predict item difficulty as hypothesized. (Contains 3 figures.) (Author).
Anmerkungen	SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: http://sagepub.com.
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10