Exposing the "Shadow": An Empirical Scrutiny of the "Shadowing Process" of Private Tutoring in India

Autor/in	Gupta, Achala
Titel	Exposing the "Shadow": An Empirical Scrutiny of the "Shadowing Process" of Private Tutoring in India
Quelle	In: Educational Review, 75 (2023) 3, S.394-410 (17 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Gupta, Achala)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0013-1911
DOI	10.1080/00131911.2021.1931038
Schlagwörter	Tutoring; Private Education; Ethnography; Alignment (Education); Foreign Countries; Marketing; Educational Experience; Educational Strategies; Commercialization; Social Differences; High Stakes Tests; Neoliberalism; Socioeconomic Status; Elementary Secondary Education; Classification; Boards of Education; Test Preparation; Tutors; Costs; Parent Aspiration; STEM Education; College Entrance Examinations; India + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Förderkonzept; Nachhilfeunterricht; Privatunterricht; Ethnografie; Ausland; Bildungserfahrung; Lehrstrategie; Sozialer Unterschied; Neo-liberalism; Neoliberalismus; Socio-economic status; Sozioökonomischer Status; Classification system; Klassifikation; Klassifikationssystem; Ausschuss; Förderlehrer; Lehrender; Tutor; Cost; Kosten; Elternwille; STEM; Aufnahmeprüfung; Indien
Abstract	A growing body of research shows that private tutoring is a globally pervasive phenomenon. A common way in which tutoring provisions are defined is with the use of the metaphor "shadow education", signifying that tutoring centres "shadow" formal schools. Despite the popularity of this metaphor in the field, how "shadowing" occurs as a process and what implications this process has for formal schooling and society have seldom been put through empirical scrutiny. To redress this gap in the literature, this article draws on the data produced through an ethnography of schooling in Dehradun (India) between 2014-15. The discussion on specific ways in which the institutional arrangement of private tutoring aligns with that of formal schooling reveals the socio-educational embeddedness of private tutoring within the mainstream schooling experience in India. The article argues that "shadowing" is not a neutral process, it is executed tactically and strategically with an aim to provide private tutoring a valued, legitimised, and competitive space in an increasingly marketised education sector. Importantly, this analysis of "shadowing" exposes problematic practices within formal schooling and suggests that by mirroring these practices in its structure, private tutoring reproduces social inequality. The insights into understanding the "shadowing process" that this article offers may be of value to the analysis of the organisational arrangements of tutoring businesses within India and in other societies. Through demonstrating that tutoring is part of everyday schooling, this article makes a case for recognising it as integral to mainstream education in India. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01