A Bayesian Probabilistic Framework for Identification of Individuals with Dyslexia

Autor/inn/en	Wagner, Richard K.; Moxley, Jerad; Schatschneider, Chris; Zirps, Fotena A.
Titel	A Bayesian Probabilistic Framework for Identification of Individuals with Dyslexia
Quelle	In: Scientific Studies of Reading, 27 (2023) 1, S.67-81 (15 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1088-8438
DOI	10.1080/10888438.2022.2118057
Schlagwörter	Bayesian Statistics; Identification; Dyslexia; Models; Predictor Variables; Meta Analysis; Correlation; Decoding (Reading); Phonological Awareness; Reading Comprehension; Response to Intervention; Severity (of Disability); At Risk Persons; Accuracy; Probability; Decision Making; Incidence + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Identifikation; Identifizierung; Dyslexics; Legasthenie; Lese-Rechtschreib-Schwäche; Analogiemodell; Prädiktor; Meta-analysis; Metaanalyse; Korrelation; Dekodierung; Leseverstehen; Schweregrad; Risikogruppe; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Decision-making; Entscheidungsfindung; Vorkommen
Abstract	Purpose: Bayesian-based models for diagnosis are common in medicine but have not been incorporated into identification models for dyslexia. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate Bayesian identification models that included a broader set of predictors and that capitalized on recent developments in modeling the prevalence of dyslexia. Method: Model-based meta-analysis was used to create a composite correlation matrix that included common predictors of dyslexia such as decoding, phonological awareness, oral language, but also included response to intervention (RTI) and family risk for dyslexia. Bayesian logistic regression models were used to predict poor reading comprehension, unexpectedly poor reading comprehension, poor decoding, and unexpectedly poor decoding, all at two levels of severity. Results: Most predictors made independent and substantial contributions to prediction, supporting models of dyslexia that rely on multiple rather than single indicators. RTI was the strongest predictor of poor reading comprehension and unexpectedly poor reading comprehension. Phonological awareness was the strongest predictor of poor decoding and unexpectedly poor decoding, followed closely by family risk. Conclusion: Bayesian-based models are a promising tool for implementing multiple-indicator models of identification. Ideas for improving prediction and implications for theory and practice are discussed. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01