Remedying the Metamemory Expectancy Illusion in Source Monitoring: Are There Effects on Restudy Choices and Source Memory?

Autor/inn/en	Schaper, Marie Luisa; Bayen, Ute J.; Hey, Carolin V.
Titel	Remedying the Metamemory Expectancy Illusion in Source Monitoring: Are There Effects on Restudy Choices and Source Memory?
Quelle	In: Metacognition and Learning, 18 (2023) 1, S.55-80 (26 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Schaper, Marie Luisa) ORCID (Bayen, Ute J.) ORCID (Hey, Carolin V.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1556-1623
DOI	10.1007/s11409-022-09312-z
Schlagwörter	Metacognition; Memory; Schemata (Cognition); Study Habits; Expectation; Bias + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Meta cognitive ability; Meta-cognition; Metakognitive Fähigkeit; Metakognition; Gedächtnis; Cognition; Schema; Kognition; Study behavior; Study behaviour; Studienverhalten; Expectancy; Erwartung
Abstract	Metamemory monitoring, study behavior, and memory are presumably causally connected. When people misjudge their memory, their study behavior should be biased accordingly. Remedying "metamemory illusions" should debias study behavior and improve memory. One metamemory illusion concerns source memory, a critical aspect of episodic memory. People predict better source memory for items that originated from an expected source (e.g., toothbrush in a bathroom) rather than an unexpected source (e.g., shampoo in a kitchen), whereas actual source memory shows the opposite: an "inconsistency effect." This "expectancy illusion" biases restudy choices: Participants restudy more unexpected than expected source-item pairs. The authors tested the causal relationships between metamemory and source memory with a delay and a source-retrieval attempt between study and metamemory judgment to remedy the expectancy illusion and debias restudy choices. Debiased restudy choices should enhance source memory for expected items, thereby reducing the inconsistency effect. Two groups studied expected and unexpected source-item pairs. They made metamemory judgments and restudy choices immediately at study or after delay, restudied the selected pairs, and completed a source-monitoring test. After immediate judgments, participants predicted better source memory for expected pairs and selected more unexpected pairs for restudy. After delayed judgments, participants predicted a null effect of expectancy on source memory and selected equal numbers of expected and unexpected pairs. Thus, the expectancy illusion was partially remedied and restudy choices were debiased. Nevertheless, source memory was only weakly affected. The results challenge the presumed causal relationships between metamemory monitoring, study behavior, and source memory. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01