Social Presence: Conceptualization and Measurement

Autor/inn/en	Kreijns, Karel; Xu, Kate; Weidlich, Joshua
Titel	Social Presence: Conceptualization and Measurement
Quelle	In: Educational Psychology Review, 34 (2022) 1, S.139-170 (32 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Kreijns, Karel)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1040-726X
DOI	10.1007/s10648-021-09623-8
Schlagwörter	Social Theories; Interpersonal Relationship; Definitions; Measurement; Interpersonal Communication; Group Dynamics; Cooperative Learning; Electronic Learning + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Gesellschaftstheorie; Interpersonal relation; Interpersonal relations; Interpersonelle Beziehung; Zwischenmenschliche Beziehung; Begriffsbestimmung; Messverfahren; Interpersonale Kommunikation; Gruppendynamik; Kooperatives Lernen
Abstract	Social presence is an important construct in online group learning. It influences the way how social interaction unfolds online and affects learning and social outcomes. However, what precisely social presence is has been under debate, as presently a plethora of different definitions and measures exist preventing the development of a coherent research field regarding social presence and its defining role in online group learning. To solve the issue, we went back to the original social presence theory as devised by the communication researchers Short et al. (1976) to show that although they had a clear idea of social presence--namely "realness" of other persons in the interaction--their definition is ambiguous, not operationalizable, and the measurement of it questionable. We, therefore, disentangled their social presence theory and (1) reformulated the social presence definition to enable an operationalization in line with the previous conceptualization of social presence; (2) departed from the technological determinism of social presence; and (3) identified two other constructs closely linked to social presence, namely, sociability (as a medium attribute) and social space (as a group attribute). By reformulating the definition of social presence and by linking it to social space and sociability, we hope to contribute to a more coherent line of social presence research and to better understand interpersonal communication, group learning, and group dynamics when learning and working together in an online setting. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01