Frictions That Activate Change: Dynamics of Global to Local Non-Governmental Organizations for Female Education and Empowerment in China, India, and Pakistan

Autor/inn/en	Seeberg, Vilma; Baily, Supriya; Khan, Asima; Ross, Heidi; Wang, Yimin; Shah, Payal; Wang, Lei
Titel	Frictions That Activate Change: Dynamics of Global to Local Non-Governmental Organizations for Female Education and Empowerment in China, India, and Pakistan
Quelle	In: Asia Pacific Journal of Education, 37 (2017) 2, S.232-247 (16 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0218-8791
DOI	10.1080/02188791.2017.1296815
Schlagwörter	Females; Social Change; Empowerment; Womens Education; Educational Attainment; Nongovernmental Organizations; Foreign Countries; Accountability; Social Justice; Models; Global Approach; Government Role; Cooperation; Elementary Schools; Partnerships in Education; Residential Schools; Case Studies; Local Government; Program Descriptions; Educational Opportunities; China; India; Pakistan + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Weibliches Geschlecht; Sozialer Wandel; 'Women''s education'; Frauenbildung; Bildungsabschluss; Bildungsgut; Ausland; Verantwortung; Soziale Gerechtigkeit; Analogiemodell; Globales Denken; Co-operation; Kooperation; Elementary school; Grundschule; Volksschule; Hochschulpartnerschaft; Heimschule; Case study; Fallstudie; Case Study; Gemeindeverwaltung; Bildungsangebot; Bildungschance; Indien
Abstract	This article examines how non-governmental organizations create resources and spaces for girls and women's education and empowerment in China, India and Pakistan--in the context of global expectations and local state relations as well as cultural norms. We examine the dynamics that foster female empowerment associated with educational attainment. Analysis showed that the five NGO's responses to enabling and constraining local needs and demands gave rise to productive friction that activated positive development. We conclude that engaging local individuals as managers, teachers or facilitators who can negotiate with international actors and with the state is an effective foundation for maintaining a balance between being accountable to local contingencies and norms and to global social justice principles of the projects. These models indicated that "effective scale" might better be defined as a collaboration between the local and global, rather than "scaling up" in size. International NGO partnerships with several of state organizations and local leadership can be a catalyst for fundamental change, subject to dynamic engagement with productive friction that activates educational empowerment and social change. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01