An Examination of the Impact of Harsh Parenting Contexts on Children's Adaptation within an Evolutionary Framework

Autor/inn/en	Sturge-Apple, Melissa L.; Davies, Patrick T.; Martin, Meredith J.; Cicchetti, Dante; Hentges, Rochelle F.
Titel	An Examination of the Impact of Harsh Parenting Contexts on Children's Adaptation within an Evolutionary Framework
Quelle	In: Developmental Psychology, 48 (2012) 3, S.791-805 (15 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1649
DOI	10.1037/a0026908
Schlagwörter	Toddlers; Parent Child Relationship; Mothers; Child Rearing; Parenting Styles; Low Income; Stress Variables; Child Development; Child Psychology; Animals; Classification; Profiles; Figurative Language; Mental Health; Neuropsychology; Responses; Coping; Personality; Adjustment (to Environment) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Infant; Infants; Toddler; Kleinkind; Parents-child relationship; Parent-child-relation; Parent-child relationship; Eltern-Kind-Beziehung; Mother; Mutter; Kindererziehung; Niedriglohn; Kindesentwicklung; Kinderpsychologie; Animal; Tier; Tiere; Classification system; Klassifikation; Klassifikationssystem; Charakterisierung; Profilanalyse; Psychohygiene; Neuropsychologie; Bewältigung; Personalität
Abstract	The current study tests whether propositions set forth in an evolutionary model of temperament (Korte, Koolhaas, Wingfield, & McEwen, 2005) may enhance our understanding of children's differential susceptibility to unsupportive and harsh caregiving practices. Guided by this model, we examined whether children's behavioral strategies for coping with threat and challenge cohered into 2 broad, phenotypic dimensions--hawk and dove--that have been maintained by frequency-dependent selection throughout our ancestral history: Hawk-like strategies are characterized by approach, dominant-negative affect, and activity, whereas dove-like strategies are evidenced by avoidance, inhibition, and vulnerable affect. In turn, we examined the moderating effect of hawk or dove profile membership on children's physiological and psychological adaptation to harsh rearing environments. Participants included 201 2-year-old toddlers and their mothers. Consistent with the Korte model, latent profile analyses extracted 2 profiles that cohered into hawk and dove strategies. Children were classified within hawk or dove profiles and separately examined in a process model of harsh caregiving. As predicted, associations between harsh caregiving practices and children's basal cortisol, parasympathetic nervous system, and sympathetic nervous system activity were moderated by profile membership. In turn, basal physiological levels were differentially predictive of children's psychological adaptation over time. Collectively, findings highlight the potential value of translating the study of evolutionary models to understanding developmental outcomes associated with harsh caregiving. (Contains 3 tables and 4 figures.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10