Eye Gaze versus Arrows as Spatial Cues: Two Qualitatively Different Modes of Attentional Selection

Autor/inn/en	Marotta, Andrea; Lupianez, Juan; Martella, Diana; Casagrande, Maria
Titel	Eye Gaze versus Arrows as Spatial Cues: Two Qualitatively Different Modes of Attentional Selection
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 38 (2012) 2, S.326-335 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0096-1523
DOI	10.1037/a0023959
Schlagwörter	Theory of Mind; Cues; Eye Movements; Spatial Ability; Experimental Psychology; Attention; Visual Stimuli; Visual Perception; Comparative Analysis; Visual Discrimination; College Students; Reaction Time + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Stichwort; Augenbewegung; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen; Experimentelle Psychologie; Aufmerksamkeit; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Collegestudent; Reaktionsvermögen
Abstract	This study aimed to evaluate the type of attentional selection (location- and/or object-based) triggered by two different types of central noninformative cues: eye gaze and arrows. Two rectangular objects were presented in the visual field, and subjects' attention was directed to the end of a rectangle via the observation of noninformative directional arrows or eye gaze. Similar experiments with peripheral cues have shown an object-based effect: faster target identification when the target is presented on the cued object as compared to the uncued object, even when the distance between target and cue was the same. The three reported experiments aimed to compare the location- and object-based attentional orienting observed with arrows and eye gaze, in order to dissociate the orienting mechanisms underlying the two types of orienting cues. Results showed similar cueing effects on the cued versus oppositely cued locations for the two cue types, replicating several studies with nonpredictive gaze and arrow cues. However, a pure object-based effect occurred only when an arrow cue was presented, whereas a pure location-based effect was only found for eye-gaze cues. It is suggested that attention is nonspecifically directed to nearby objects when a noninformative arrow is used as cue, whereas it is selectively directed to a specific cued location when noninformative eye gaze is used. This may be mediated by theory of mind mechanisms. (Contains 5 figures, 3 tables, and 2 footnotes.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10