Reinforcement Learning in Young Adults with Developmental Language Impairment

Autor/inn/en	Lee, Joanna C.; Tomblin, J. Bruce
Titel	Reinforcement Learning in Young Adults with Developmental Language Impairment
Quelle	In: Brain and Language, 123 (2012) 3, S.154-163 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0093-934X
DOI	10.1016/j.bandl.2012.07.009
Schlagwörter	Evidence; Learning Strategies; Language Impairments; Feedback (Response); Reinforcement; Young Adults; Developmental Delays; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Diagnostic Tests; Models; Biochemistry + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Evidenz; Learning methode; Learning techniques; Lernmethode; Lernstrategie; Speech disorder; Speech disorders; Speech disabilities; Speech disability; Speech handicap; Speech handicaps; Speech impairment; Speech impairments; Language handicaps; Sprachbehinderung; Positive Verstärkung; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Entwicklungsverzögerung; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Analogiemodell; Biochemie
Abstract	The aim of the study was to examine reinforcement learning (RL) in young adults with developmental language impairment (DLI) within the context of a neurocomputational model of the basal ganglia-dopamine system (Frank, Seeberger, & O'Reilly, 2004). Two groups of young adults, one with DLI and the other without, were recruited. A probabilistic selection task was used to assess how participants implicitly extracted reinforcement history from the environment based on probabilistic positive/negative feedback. The findings showed impaired RL in individuals with DLI, indicating an altered gating function of the striatum in testing. However, they exploited similar learning strategies as comparison participants at the beginning of training, reflecting relatively intact functions of the prefrontal cortex to rapidly update reinforcement information. Within the context of Frank's model, these results can be interpreted as evidence for alterations in the basal ganglia of individuals with DLI. (Contains 1 table and 5 figures.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10