Literaturnachweis - Detailanzeige
Autor/inn/en | Taylor, Eric G.; Ahn, Woo-kyoung |
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Titel | Causal Imprinting in Causal Structure Learning |
Quelle | In: Cognitive Psychology, 65 (2012) 3, S.381-413 (33 Seiten)
PDF als Volltext |
Sprache | englisch |
Dokumenttyp | gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz |
ISSN | 0010-0285 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.07.001 |
Schlagwörter | Evidence; Prior Learning; Bayesian Statistics; Correlation; Observation; Influences; Experiments; Cognitive Processes; Researchers; Learning Processes |
Abstract | Suppose one observes a correlation between two events, B and C, and infers that B causes C. Later one discovers that event A explains away the correlation between B and C. Normatively, one should now dismiss or weaken the belief that B causes C. Nonetheless, participants in the current study who observed a positive contingency between B and C followed by evidence that B and C were independent given A, persisted in believing that B causes C. The authors term this difficulty in revising initially learned causal structures "causal imprinting." Throughout four experiments, causal imprinting was obtained using multiple dependent measures and control conditions. A Bayesian analysis showed that causal imprinting may be normative under some conditions, but causal imprinting also occurred in the current study when it was clearly non-normative. It is suggested that causal imprinting occurs due to the influence of prior knowledge on how reasoners interpret later evidence. Consistent with this view, when participants first viewed the evidence showing that B and C are independent given A, later evidence with only B and C did not lead to the belief that B causes C. (Contains 8 figures and 5 tables.) (As Provided). |
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Erfasst von | ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC |
Update | 2017/4/10 |