Eating Regulation Styles, Appearance Schemas, and Body Satisfaction Predict Changes in Body Fat for Emerging Adults

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Autor/inn/en	Morgan, Ali Zaremba; Keiley, Margaret K.; Ryan, Aubrey E.; Radomski, Juliana Groves; Gropper, Sareen S.; Connell, Lenda Jo; Simmons, Karla P.; Ulrich, Pamela V.
Titel	Eating Regulation Styles, Appearance Schemas, and Body Satisfaction Predict Changes in Body Fat for Emerging Adults
Quelle	In: Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41 (2012) 9, S.1127-1141 (15 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0047-2891
DOI	10.1007/s10964-012-9757-8
Schlagwörter	Obesity; Body Composition; Public Health; Young Adults; Data Analysis; Psychology; Eating Habits; Risk; Decision Making; College Freshmen; Individual Differences; Longitudinal Studies; Undergraduate Students; Gender Differences; Self Control; Human Body; Self Concept; Interpersonal Attraction; Predictor Variables + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Adipositas; Gesundheitswesen; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Auswertung; Psychologie; Ernährungsgewohnheit; Essgewohnheit; Risiko; Decision-making; Entscheidungsfindung; Studienanfänger; Individueller Unterschied; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Geschlechterkonflikt; Selbstbeherrschung; Menschlicher Körper; Selbstkonzept; Interpersonale Anziehung; Prädiktor
Abstract	Obesity and high body fat percentages are a major public health issue. The percentage of obese and overweight Americans has increased over the past 30 years. On average, overweight individuals with higher percent body fat than normal weight individuals are at increased risk for numerous negative outcomes both physically and mentally. A prime time to investigate changes in body composition and associated psychological influences on decision making is during the emerging adulthood period. The first few years of college are a time when adolescents begin to regulate for themselves their own eating behaviors. Previous research shows that freshmen gain weight and increase in percent body fat during their first year of college. The current study addresses the limitations of previous research by investigating (1) individual growth in percent body fat over a longer period of time in college than previous available research and (2) important psychological and sex differences in this growth. This study measures percent body fat across the first 33 years of college at 8 time points for 542 undergraduates (351 females, 65%; 191 males, 35%). Longitudinal data analysis was conducted to identify changes in percent body fat, psychological predictors of those changes, and how changes differ for males and females. Our study found that significant increases exist in percent body fat during undergraduates' college years and that change differs for males and females. In addition, through the use of nested hierarchical models, eating regulation style (autonomous or controlled regulation), appearance schema (self-evaluative salience or motivational salience), and body satisfaction were identified as influential predictors of change in percent body fat. For example, young females, who do not feel in control of their physical appearance yet spend a great deal of time maintaining their appearance, have the highest initial body fat percentage and the steepest increase in percent body fat. Overall, males and females with high autonomous regulation and high motivational salience are likely to maintain (instead of increase) percent body fat over the college years. Knowing the influence of these predictors can be useful for promoting health and intervening with young adults in the college setting and other emerging adults who are not enrolled in postsecondary institutions. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10