Self-Injurious Behaviour in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability

Autor/inn/en	Richards, C.; Oliver, C.; Nelson, L.; Moss, J.
Titel	Self-Injurious Behaviour in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability
Quelle	In: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 56 (2012) 5, S.476-489 (14 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0964-2633
DOI	10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01537.x
Schlagwörter	Genetic Disorders; Conceptual Tempo; Topography; Incidence; Autism; Injuries; Hyperactivity; Down Syndrome; Questionnaires; Genetics; Self Destructive Behavior; Risk; Correlation; Behavior Problems; Affective Behavior; Phenomenology; Role; Mental Retardation + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Topografie; Vorkommen; Autismus; Hyperaktivität; 'Downs Syndrome; Down''s Syndrome'; Down-Syndrom; Fragebogen; Humangenetik; Self destrucive behaviour; Selbstzerstörung; Risiko; Korrelation; Affective disturbance; Active behaviour; Affektive Störung; Phenomenological psychology; Phänomenologie; Psychologie; Rollen; Geistige Behinderung
Abstract	Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been identified as a risk marker for self-injurious behaviour. In this study we aimed to describe the prevalence, topography and correlates of self-injury in individuals with ASD in contrast to individuals with Fragile X and Down syndromes and examine person characteristics associated with self-injury across and within these groups. Method: Carers of individuals with ASD (n = 149; mean age = 9.98, SD = 4.86), Fragile X syndrome (n = 123; mean age = 15.32, SD = 8.74) and Down syndrome (n = 49; mean age = 15.84, SD = 12.59) completed questionnaires relating to the presence and topography of self-injury. Information was also gathered regarding demographic characteristics, affect, autistic behaviour, hyperactivity, impulsivity and repetitive behaviour. Results: Self-injurious behaviour was displayed by 50% of the ASD sample: a significantly higher prevalence than in the Down syndrome group (18.4%) but broadly similar to the prevalence in Fragile X syndrome (54.5%). Self-injury was associated with significantly higher levels of autistic behaviour within the Down and Fragile X syndrome groups. Within the ASD group, the presence of self-injury was associated with significantly higher levels of impulsivity and hyperactivity, negative affect and significantly lower levels of ability and speech. Conclusions: Self-injurious behaviour is prevalent in individuals with ASD and the presence of ASD phenomenology increases the risk of self-injury in individuals with known genetic disorders but without a diagnosis of idiopathic autism. Person characteristics associated with self-injury in ASD indicate a role for impaired behavioural inhibition, low levels of ability and negative affect in the development of self-injurious behaviour. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10