Parietal Lobe Volume Deficits in Adolescents with Schizophrenia and Adolescents with Cannabis Use Disorders

Autor/inn/en	Kumra, Sanjiv; Robinson, Paul; Tambyraja, Rabindra; Jensen, Daniel; Schimunek, Caroline; Houri, Alaa; Reis, Tiffany; Lim, Kelvin
Titel	Parietal Lobe Volume Deficits in Adolescents with Schizophrenia and Adolescents with Cannabis Use Disorders
Quelle	In: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51 (2012) 2, S.171-180 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0890-8567
DOI	10.1016/j.jaac.2011.11.001
Schlagwörter	Marijuana; Schizophrenia; Brain; At Risk Persons; Adolescents; Multivariate Analysis; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Interaction; Comparative Analysis + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Schizophrenie; Gehirn; Risikogruppe; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Multivariate Analyse; Interaktion
Abstract	Objective: In early-onset schizophrenia (EOS), the earliest structural brain volumetric abnormalities appear in the parietal cortices. Early exposure to cannabis may represent an environmental risk factor for developing schizophrenia. This study characterized cerebral cortical gray matter structure in adolescents in regions of interest (ROIs) that have been implicated in EOS and cannabis use disorders (CUD). Method: T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired from adolescents with EOS (n = 35), CUD (n = 16), EOS + CUD (n = 13), and healthy controls (HC) (n = 51). Using FreeSurfer, brain volume was examined within frontal, temporal, parietal and subcortical ROIs by a 2 (EOS versus no EOS) x 2 (CUD versus no CUD) design using multivariate analysis of covariance. In ROIs in which volumetric differences were identified, additional analyses of cortical thickness and surface area were conducted. Results: A significant EOS-by-CUD interaction was observed. In the left superior parietal region, both "pure" EOS and "pure" CUD had smaller gray matter volumes that were associated with lower surface area compared with HC. A similar alteration was observed in the comorbid group compared with HC, but there was no additive volumetric deficit found in the comorbid group compared with the separate groups. In the left thalamus, the comorbid group had smaller gray matter volumes compared with the CUD and HC groups. Conclusions: These preliminary data indicate that the presence of a CUD may moderate the relationship between EOS and cerebral cortical gray matter structure in the left superior parietal lobe. Future research will follow this cohort over adolescence to further examine the impact of cannabis use on neurodevelopment. (Contains 3 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10