A Prospective Study of the Emergence of Early Behavioral Signs of Autism

Autor/inn/en	Ozonoff, Sally; Iosif, Ana-Maria; Baguio, Fam; Cook, Ian C.; Hill, Monique Moore; Hutman, Ted; Rogers, Sally J.; Rozga, Agata; Sangha, Sarabjit; Sigman, Marian; Steinfeld, Mary Beth; Young, Gregory S.
Titel	A Prospective Study of the Emergence of Early Behavioral Signs of Autism
Quelle	In: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 49 (2010) 3, S.256-266 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0890-8567
DOI	10.1016/j.jaac.2009.11.009
Schlagwörter	Video Technology; Autism; Infants; Examiners; Classification; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Infant Behavior; Clinical Diagnosis; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Child Development; Interpersonal Communication; Interpersonal Competence; Parent Attitudes; Screening Tests + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Autismus; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Examiner; Prüfer; Classification system; Klassifikation; Klassifikationssystem; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Kindesentwicklung; Interpersonale Kommunikation; Interpersonale Kompetenz; Elternverhalten; Screening-Verfahren
Abstract	Objective: To examine prospectively the emergence of behavioral signs of autism in the first years of life in infants at low and high risk for autism. Method: A prospective longitudinal design was used to compare 25 infants later diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with 25 gender-matched low-risk children later determined to have typical development. Participants were evaluated at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months of age. Frequencies of gaze to faces, social smiles, and directed vocalizations were coded from video and rated by examiners. Results: The frequency of gaze to faces, shared smiles, and vocalizations to others were highly comparable between groups at 6 months of age, but significantly declining trajectories over time were apparent in the group later diagnosed with ASD. Group differences were significant by 12 months of age on most variables. Although repeated evaluation documented loss of skills in most infants with ASD, most parents did not report a regression in their child's development. Conclusions: These results suggest that behavioral signs of autism are not present at birth, as once suggested by Kanner, but emerge over time through a process of diminishment of key social communication behaviors. More children may present with a regressive course than previously thought, but parent report methods do not capture this phenomenon well. Implications for onset classification systems and clinical screening are also discussed. (Contains 4 figures and 5 tables.) (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Elsevier. 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800. Tel: 877-839-7126; Tel: 407-345-4020; Fax: 407-363-1354; e-mail: usjcs@elsevier.com; Web site: http://www.elsevier.com
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10