A Discordant Monozygotic Twin Design Shows Blunted Cortisol Reactivity among Bullied Children

Autor/inn/en	Ouellet-Morin, Isabelle; Danese, Andrea; Bowes, Lucy; Shakoor, Sania; Ambler, Antony; Pariante, Carmine M.; Papadopoulos, Andrew S.; Caspi, Avshalom; Moffitt, Terrie E.; Arseneault, Louise
Titel	A Discordant Monozygotic Twin Design Shows Blunted Cortisol Reactivity among Bullied Children
Quelle	In: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 50 (2011) 6, S.574-582 (9 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0890-8567
DOI	10.1016/j.jaac.2011.02.015
Schlagwörter	Stress Variables; Twins; Bullying; Emotional Response; Neurology; Genetics; Environmental Influences; Victims of Crime; Metabolism; Preadolescents; At Risk Persons; Longitudinal Studies + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Twin; Zwilling; Mobbing; Emotionales Verhalten; Neurologie; Humangenetik; Environmental influence; Umwelteinfluss; Victim; Victims; Crime; Opfer; Verbrechen; Stoffwechsel; Pre-adolescence; Präadoleszenz; Risikogruppe; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung
Abstract	Objective: Childhood adverse experiences are known to engender persistent changes in stress-related systems and brain structures involved in mood, cognition, and behavior in animal models. Uncertainty remains about the causal effect of early stressful experiences on physiological response to stress in human beings, as the impact of these experiences has rarely been investigated while controlling for both genetic and shared environmental influences. Method: We tested whether bullying victimization, a repeated adverse experience in childhood, influences cortisol responses to a psychosocial stress test (PST) using a discordant monozygotic (MZ) twin design. Thirty pairs (43.3% males) of 12-year-old MZ twins discordant for bullying victimization were identified in the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally representative 1994-1995 cohort of families with twins. Results: Bullied and nonbullied MZ twins showed distinct patterns of cortisol secretion after the PST. Specifically, bullied twins exhibited a blunted cortisol response compared with their nonbullied MZ co-twins, who showed the expected increase. This difference in cortisol response to stress could not be attributed to children's genetic makeup, their familial environments, pre-existing and concomitant individual factors, or the perception of stress and emotional response to the PST. Conclusion: Results from this natural experiment provide support for a causal effect of adverse childhood experiences on the neuroendocrine response to stress. (Contains 2 figures and 1 table.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10