Migration, Remittances and Educational Stratification among Blacks in Apartheid and Post-Apartheid South Africa

Autor/inn/en	Lu, Yao; Treiman, Donald J.
Titel	Migration, Remittances and Educational Stratification among Blacks in Apartheid and Post-Apartheid South Africa
Quelle	In: Social Forces, 89 (2011) 4, S.1119-1143 (25 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0037-7732
Schlagwörter	Blacks; Racial Segregation; Attendance; Child Labor; Family Structure; Foreign Countries; Educational Opportunities; Migration; Educational Attainment; Economic Factors; Social Differences; Socioeconomic Status; Equal Education; South Africa + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Black person; Schwarzer; Rassentrennung; Anwesenheit; Child labour; Kinderarbeit; Familienkonstellation; Familiensystem; Ausland; Bildungsangebot; Bildungschance; Bildungsabschluss; Bildungsgut; Ökonomischer Faktor; Sozialer Unterschied; Socio-economic status; Sozioökonomischer Status; Südafrika; Süd-Afrika; Republik Südafrika; Südafrikanische Republik
Abstract	This article extends previous work on family structure and children's education by conceptualizing migration as a distinct form of family disruption that reduces parental input but brings substantial economic benefits through remittances. It examines the multiple and countervailing effects of migration on schooling in the context of substantial migration and limited educational opportunities for blacks in South Africa. The receipt of remittances substantially increases black children's school attendance, but has no such effect for whites. The effect for blacks is in part attributable to improved household economic conditions that increase household educational spending and reduce the demand for child labor. We also find a negative effect of parental absence due to migration, but it is largely cushioned by inflows of remittances. Sensitivity analyses using propensity score methods and contextual fixed-effect modeling suggest that the beneficial effect of remittances is relatively robust. We find further that remittances help ameliorate inter-familial socioeconomic inequality in schooling. Finally, we evaluate possible temporal changes and show that the positive and equalizing effects of remittances persisted during and after the apartheid regime. We conclude that labor migration and remittances, as institutionalized family strategies adopted by many blacks, help reconfigure structural opportunities in the educational stratification process in South Africa. (Contains 7 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10