Annual Research Review: Developmental Considerations of Gene by Environment Interactions

Autor/inn/en	Lenroot, Rhoshel K.; Giedd, Jay N.
Titel	Annual Research Review: Developmental Considerations of Gene by Environment Interactions
Quelle	In: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52 (2011) 4, S.429-441 (13 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0021-9630
DOI	10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02381.x
Schlagwörter	Genetics; Brain; Longitudinal Studies; Environmental Influences; Developmental Stages; Biology; Intervention; Mental Health; Mental Disorders + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Humangenetik; Gehirn; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Environmental influence; Umwelteinfluss; Biologie; Psychohygiene; Mental illness; Geisteskrankheit
Abstract	Biological development is driven by a complex dance between nurture and nature, determined not only by the specific features of the interacting genetic and environmental influences but also by the timing of their rendezvous. The initiation of large-scale longitudinal studies, ever-expanding knowledge of genetics, and increasing availability of neuroimaging data to provide endophenotypic bridges between molecules and behavior are beginning to provide some insight into interactions of developmental stage, genes, and the environment, although daunting challenges remain. Prominent amongst these challenges are difficulties in identifying and quantifying relevant environmental factors, discerning the relative contributions to multiply determined outcomes, and the likelihood that brain development is a non-linear dynamic process in which small initial differences may yield large later effects. Age-sensitive mechanisms include developmental changes in gene expression, epigenetic modifications, synaptic arborization/pruning, and maturational improvements in our capacity to seek out environments of our choosing. Greater understanding of how genetic and environmental factors interact differently across ages is an important step toward elucidating the mechanisms by which phenotypes are created--and how they may differ in health and disease. This knowledge may also provide clues to guide the type and timing of interventions to maximize outcomes. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10