Gender Differences in Emotional Risk for Self- and Other-Directed Violence among Externalizing Adults

Autor/inn/en	Sadeh, Naomi; Javdani, Shabnam; Finy, M. Sima; Verona, Edelyn
Titel	Gender Differences in Emotional Risk for Self- and Other-Directed Violence among Externalizing Adults
Quelle	In: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79 (2011) 1, S.106-117 (12 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0022-006X
DOI	10.1037/a0022197
Schlagwörter	Violence; Psychological Patterns; Suicide; Risk; Measures (Individuals); Gender Differences; Depression (Psychology); Behavior Problems; Crime; Law Enforcement; Regression (Statistics); Questionnaires; Aggression; Anxiety; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Correlation + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Gewalt; Selbstmord; Risiko; Messdaten; Geschlechterkonflikt; Crimes; Delict; Delicts; Delikt; Gesetzesvollzug; Regression; Regressionsanalyse; Fragebogen; Angst; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Korrelation
Abstract	Objective: Women and men generally differ in how frequently they engage in other- and self-directed physical violence and may show distinct emotional risk factors for engagement in these high-impact behaviors. To inform this area, we investigated gender differences in the relationship of emotional tendencies (i.e., anger, hostility, and anhedonic depression) that may represent risk for other-directed violence (i.e., physical fighting, attacking others unprovoked) and self-directed violence (i.e., self-injury, suicide attempts). Method: The ethnically diverse sample consisted of 372 adults (252 men and 120 women age 18-55) with a history of criminal convictions. Facets of emotional risk assessed with the Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Warren, 2000) and Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (Watson et al., 1995) were entered simultaneously as explanatory variables in regression analyses to investigate their unique contributions to other- and self-directed physical violence in men and women. Results: Analyses revealed that anhedonic depressive tendencies negatively predicted other-directed violence and positively predicted self-directed violence in men and women, consistent with a model of depression in which aggression is turned inward (Henriksson et al., 1993). Gender differences, however, emerged for the differential contributions of anger and hostility to other- and self-directed violence. Trait anger (i.e., difficulty controlling one's temper) was associated with other-directed violence selectively in men, whereas trait hostility (i.e., suspiciousness and alienation) was associated with self- and other-directed violence among women. Conclusions: The divergent findings for trait anger and hostility underscore the need to examine gender-specific risk factors for physical violence to avoid excluding potentially useful clinical features of these mental health outcomes. (Contains 4 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10