Computational Neural Modeling of Speech Motor Control in Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS)

Autor/inn/en	Terband, Hayo; Maassen, Ben; Guenther, Frank H.; Brumberg, Jonathan
Titel	Computational Neural Modeling of Speech Motor Control in Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS)
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 52 (2009) 6, S.1595-1609 (15 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
DOI	10.1044/1092-4388(2009/07-0283)
Schlagwörter	Articulation (Speech); Speech Impairments; Children; Developmental Stages; Psychomotor Skills; Clinical Diagnosis; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Cognitive Processes; Models; Computational Linguistics; Feedback (Response); Simulation; Severity (of Disability); Neurology; Acoustics + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Speech impairment; Speech handicap; Speech handicaps; Language handicps; Language impairments; Sprachbehinderung; Child; Kind; Kinder; Psychomotorische Aktivität; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Analogiemodell; Linguistics; Computerlinguistik; Simulation program; Simulationsprogramm; Schweregrad; Neurologie; Akustik
Abstract	Purpose: Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) has been associated with a wide variety of diagnostic descriptions and has been shown to involve different symptoms during successive stages of development. In the present study, the authors attempted to associate the symptoms of CAS in a particular developmental stage with particular information-processing deficits by using computational modeling with the Directions Into Velocities of Articulators (DIVA) model. The hypothesis was that the speech production system in CAS suffers from poor feed-forward control and, consequently, an increased reliance on the feedback control subsystem. Method: In a series of computer simulations, the authors systematically varied the ratio between feed-forward and feedback control during production attempts in the acquisition of feed-forward motor commands. The simulations were evaluated acoustically on 4 selected key symptoms of CAS. Results: Results showed that increasing the reliance on feedback control causes increased severity of these 4 symptoms of CAS: deviant coarticulation, speech sound distortion, searching articulation, and increased variability. Conclusions: The findings support the idea that the key symptoms found in CAS could result from an increased reliance on feedback control due to poor feed-forward commands. Two possible root causes of degraded feed-forward control in CAS are discussed: reduced somatosensory information and increased levels of neural noise. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA). 10801 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852. Tel: 800-638-8255; Fax: 301-571-0457; e-mail: subscribe@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10