How Mothers Encourage and Discourage Infants' Motor Actions

Autor/inn/en	Karasik, Lana B.; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S.; Adolph, Karen E.; Dimitropoulou, Katherine A.
Titel	How Mothers Encourage and Discourage Infants' Motor Actions
Quelle	In: Infancy, 13 (2008) 4, S.366-392 (27 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1525-0008
Schlagwörter	Mothers; Infants; Motor Reactions; Parent Influence; Nonverbal Communication; Interpersonal Communication; Communication (Thought Transfer); Task Analysis; Emotional Response; New York + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Mother; Mutter; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Interpersonale Kommunikation; Communication; thought; Kommunikation; Gedanke; Aufgabenanalyse; Emotionales Verhalten
Abstract	The content of mothers' emotional, verbal, and gestural communication to their infants was examined under conditions of potential physical risk in a laboratory motor task. Mothers encouraged and discouraged their 12- and 18-month-old infants to crawl or walk down a sloping walkway. Mothers expressed positive affect on nearly every trial. They rarely expressed purely negative affect in their faces and voices, even when discouraging. Instead, they discouraged infants with a mixture of positive and negative expressions. In both encourage and discourage conditions, mothers coupled their emotional messages with rich verbal and gestural information to elicit infants' attention, regulate their location, guide their actions, and describe the situation and potential consequences of their actions. The content of mothers' communication was attuned to infants' age and locomotor experience. (Contains 4 figures and 1 footnote.) (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Psychology Press. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 325 Chestnut Street Suite 800, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Fax: 215-625-2940; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10