Twin Study on Heritability of Activity, Attention, and Impulsivity as Assessed by Objective Measures

Autor/inn/en	Heiser, Philip; Heinzel-Gutenbrunner, Monika; Frey, Joachim; Smidt, Judith; Grabarkiewicz, Justyna; Friedel, Susann; Kuhnau, Wolfgang; Schmidtke, Jorg; Remschmidt, Helmut; Hebebrand, Johannes
Titel	Twin Study on Heritability of Activity, Attention, and Impulsivity as Assessed by Objective Measures
Quelle	In: Journal of Attention Disorders, 9 (2006) 4, S.575-581 (7 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1087-0547
DOI	10.1177/1087054705284298
Schlagwörter	Conceptual Tempo; Twins; Behavior Problems; Performance Tests; Attention Deficit Disorders; Hyperactivity; Comparative Analysis; Motion; Statistical Analysis; Genetics; Computation; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Children; Continuous Performance Test + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Twin; Zwilling; Leistungsbeurteilung; Leistungsermittlung; Leistungsmessung; Leistungsüberprüfung; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ADHS; Aufmerksamkeits-Defizit-Hyperaktivitäts-Störung; Aufmerksamkeitsstörung; Hyperaktivität; Bewegungsablauf; Statistische Analyse; Humangenetik; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Child; Kind; Kinder
Abstract	Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess heritability of activity, attention, and impulsivity by comparing young monozygotic (MZ) twins with dizygotic (DZ) twins using objective measures. Method: The OPTAx test is an infrared motion analysis to record the movement pattern during a continuous performance test. Seventeen MZ and 12 same sexed DZ twin pairs in the range of 6 to 12 years were tested. The zygosity was determined by DNA-fingerprinting. The measures under investigation were activity (microevents and spatial scaling), impulsivity (errors of commission), and attention (accuracy and variability). For statistical analyses, the classical model of Falconer and the ACE and ADE genetic model for twin data were applied in order to estimate the proportion of the variance in activity, impulsivity and attention that is due to genetic effects. Results: The respective coefficients of intraclass correlations in MZ twins ranged between 0.35 and 0.65 whereas for DZ twins the correlations were between 0.12 and 0.88. The heritability estimates resulting from both models were about 30% for 4 of the 5 measures, but none of these was significantly different from 0. Conclusion: We found no significant influence of genetic factors for activity, attention, and impulsivity. The authors conclude that further investigation of heritability of ADHD is necessary using larger sample sizes and objective measures. (Contains 4 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10