A Family History of Psychopathology Modifies the Decrement in Cognitive Control among Patients with HIV/AIDS

Autor/in	Bauer, Lance O.
Titel	A Family History of Psychopathology Modifies the Decrement in Cognitive Control among Patients with HIV/AIDS
Quelle	In: Brain and Cognition, 67 (2008) 1, S.103-114 (12 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-2626
DOI	10.1016/j.bandc.2007.12.004
Schlagwörter	Reaction Time; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Psychopathology; Patients; Cognitive Processes; Psychological Patterns; Genetics; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); Risk; Depression (Psychology); Alcohol Abuse; Clinical Diagnosis; Task Analysis; Diagnostic Tests; Brain; Measures (Individuals) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Reaktionsvermögen; Sexual transmitted disease; Geschlechtskrankheit; Psychopathologie; Patient; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Humangenetik; Risiko; Aufgabenanalyse; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Gehirn; Messdaten
Abstract	The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of HIV/AIDS on cognitive control and to determine if the effect is modified by familial risk for either alcohol or mood disorders. Sixty HIV-1 seropositive and 75 seronegative volunteers were assigned to four subgroups defined by the crossing of a diagnosis of alcohol dependence in the biological father with diagnoses of either major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in the biological mother. Cognitive control was evaluated during a task in which subjects were asked, on occasion, to inhibit the impulse to respond in the same physical direction as the stimulus and instead respond in the opposite direction. Event related brain potentials and measures of task performance were recorded. The task evoked a negative shift in a late slow potential (SP) as well as an increment in reaction time when cognitive control was challenged. An important finding was an interaction between trial type, HIV/AIDS, and family history: HIV/AIDS and family history each attenuated the negative shift in the SP to such a degree that no further attenuation could be accomplished by the other. The effects of familial risk for alcohol versus mood disorders were equivalent. In conclusion, the absence of change in a late slow potential following a challenge to cognitive control may represent a marker of familial risk for both externalizing and internalizing disorders. The effects of familial risk on this slow potential are sufficiently robust as to attenuate the effects of HIV/AIDS on the probable generators of the response: the anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortex. (Author).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10