Potential Performance Theory (PPT): A General Theory of Task Performance Applied to Morality

Autor/inn/en	Trafimow, David; Rice, Stephen
Titel	Potential Performance Theory (PPT): A General Theory of Task Performance Applied to Morality
Quelle	In: Psychological Review, 115 (2008) 2, S.447-462 (16 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0033-295X
DOI	10.1037/0033-295X.115.2.447
Schlagwörter	Stellungnahme; Behavior Theories; Performance; Scores; Performance Factors; Moral Development; Moral Values; Moral Issues; Evaluative Thinking; Test Theory; Correlation; Tables (Data); Psychological Testing; Individual Differences; Decision Making; Psychometrics; Values Education; Ethical Instruction; College Students; Reliability; Experiments; Prediction; Mathematical Models; Standards; Behavior Standards + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Achievement; Leistung; Leistungsindikator; Moralische Entwicklung; Moral value; Ethischer Wert; Moraltheorie; Testtheorie; Korrelation; Tabelle; Psychological test; psychological tests; Psychological examination; Psychologischer Test; Individueller Unterschied; Decision-making; Entscheidungsfindung; Psychometry; Psychometrie; Werterziehung; Ethics instruction; Teaching of ethics; Ethikunterricht; Collegestudent; Reliabilität; Erprobung; Vorhersage; Mathematical model; Mathematisches Modell; Standard
Abstract	People can use a variety of different strategies to perform tasks and these strategies all have two characteristics in common. First, they can be evaluated in comparison with either an absolute or a relative standard. Second, they can be used at varying levels of consistency. In the present article, the authors develop a general theory of task performance called "potential performance theory" (PPT) that distinguishes between observed scores and true scores that are corrected for inconsistency (i.e., potential scores). In addition, they argue that any kind of improvement to task performance, whatever it may be, works by influencing either task strategies, which comprise all nonrandom components that are relevant to the task, or the consistency with which strategies are used. In the current study, PPT is used to demonstrate how task strategies and the consistencies with which they are used impact actual performance in the domain of morality. These conclusions are extended to other domains of task performance. (Contains 5 figures, 2 tables and 2 footnotes.) (Author).
Anmerkungen	American Psychological Association. Journals Department, 750 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20002-4242. Tel: 800-374-2721; Tel: 202-336-5510; Fax: 202-336-5502; e-mail: order@apa.org; Web site: http://www.apa.org/publications
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10