Acquisition of English Grammatical Morphology by Native Mandarin-Speaking Children and Adolescents: Age-Related Differences

Autor/inn/en	Jia, Gisela; Fuse, Akiko
Titel	Acquisition of English Grammatical Morphology by Native Mandarin-Speaking Children and Adolescents: Age-Related Differences
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 50 (2007) 5, S.1280-1299 (20 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
DOI	10.1044/1092-4388(2007/090)
Schlagwörter	Learning Problems; Grammar; Adolescents; Language Impairments; Immigrants; Morphemes; Morphology (Languages); Mandarin Chinese; English (Second Language); Second Language Learning; Language Proficiency; Predictor Variables; Age Differences; United States + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Lernproblem; Grammatik; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Speech disorder; Speech disorders; Speech disabilities; Speech disability; Speech handicap; Speech handicaps; Speech impairment; Speech impairments; Language handicaps; Sprachbehinderung; Immigrant; Immigrantin; Immigranten; Morphem; Morphology; Morphologie; English as second language; English; Second Language; Englisch als Zweitsprache; Zweitsprachenerwerb; Language skill; Language skills; Sprachkompetenz; Prädiktor; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; USA
Abstract	Purpose: This 5-year longitudinal study investigated the acquisition of 6 English grammatical morphemes (i.e., regular and irregular past tense, 3rd person singular, progressive aspect-"ing", copula BE, and auxiliary DO) by 10 native Mandarin-speaking children and adolescents in the United States (arrived in the United States between 5 and 16 years of age). The goals were to chart and compare the acquisition trajectories and levels of mastery across the morphemes, identify when age-related differences emerged and which forms they took. Method: Morphological proficiency was measured by the accuracy of these morphemes in obligatory contexts during spontaneous speech. Results: The morphemes were mastered by different numbers of participants and showed different growth trajectories. Performance variance was partially predicted by age of arrival (AoAr) in the United States, with early arrivals achieving greater proficiency than late arrivals. However, such AoAr effects took several years to occur and only existed for 2 of the 6 morphemes (i.e., 3rd person singular and regular past tense). Growth curve analysis revealed that language environment was a stronger predictor of individual differences than AoAr. Results did not uncover age-related differences in the acquisition of tense versus non-tense-related morphemes, nor in regular versus irregular morphemes, nor in the error types. Conclusion: Findings support an Environmental account for age-related differences in 2nd language (L2) morphological acquisition. Results also indicate that the acquisition of some grammatical morphemes by school-aged immigrants takes several years to complete. As L2 learners exhibit some error types and difficulties similar to monolingual children with specific language impairment, caution needs to be taken when interpreting and using morphological errors as indicators of speech/language learning problems in this population. (Contains 5 tables and 6 figures.) (Author).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10