The Efficacy of Noncontingent Escape for Decreasing Children's Disruptive Behavior during Restorative Dental Treatment

Autor/inn/en	O'Callaghan, Patrick M.; Allen, Keith D.; Powell, Shawn; Salama, Fouad
Titel	The Efficacy of Noncontingent Escape for Decreasing Children's Disruptive Behavior during Restorative Dental Treatment
Quelle	In: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 39 (2006) 2, S.161-171 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext (1); PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei (2) Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0021-8855
DOI	10.1901/jaba.2006.79-05
Schlagwörter	Intervals; Health Behavior; Dentistry; Dental Health; Behavior Modification; Behavior Problems; Children; Intervention; Reinforcement + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Health behaviour; Gesundheitsverhalten; Zahnmedizin; Zahnärztliche Versorgung; Behaviour modification; Verhaltensänderung; Child; Kind; Kinder; Positive Verstärkung
Abstract	We evaluated the effectiveness of a dentist-implemented behavioral intervention in which brief escape from dental treatment was provided on a regular basis, independent of the child's behavior. Within a multiple baseline design across subjects, 5 children, ages 4 to 7 years, were provided with temporary escape from dental treatment on a fixed-time schedule. The intervals were signaled by an electronic timer worn by the dentist. Clinically significant reductions were observed in physically disruptive behavior across all 5 children with the introduction of noncontingent escape, and verbally disruptive behavior was markedly reduced in 4 of the 5 children. In addition, the dental staff's use of physical restraint was reduced to near zero across all 5 children. The research extends the literature in both clinical dentistry and in applied behavior analysis by demonstrating that a dentist can easily and effectively implement noncontingent reinforcement to produce clinically significant and socially important changes in children's health behavior. (Contains 3 figures.) (Author).
Anmerkungen	Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. Available from: Department of Applied Behavioral Science. Kansas University, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045-2133. Tel: 785-841-4425; Fax: 785-841-4425; e-mail: behavior@mail.ku.edu; Web site: http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jaba/index.html
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10