Explaining Individual Differences In Scholastic Behaviour and Achievement

Autor/inn/en	Petrides, K.V.; Chamorro-Premuzic, Tomas; Frederickson, Norah; Furnham, Adrian
Titel	Explaining Individual Differences In Scholastic Behaviour and Achievement
Quelle	75 (2005) 2, S.239-255 (17 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0007-0998
DOI	10.1348/000709904X24735
Schlagwörter	Program Effectiveness; Individual Differences; Personality Traits; Cognitive Ability; Truancy; Verbal Ability; Academic Achievement + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Individueller Unterschied; Individual characteristics; Personality characteristic; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Denkfähigkeit; Schulabsentismus; Schulschwänzen; Schulverweigerung; Mündliche Leistung; Schulleistung
Abstract	Background: This paper presents results from the first wave of a longitudinal study examining the effects of various psychosocial variables on scholastic achievement and behaviour at school. Aims: The main aim is to investigate the nature and strength of the effects of major individual difference dimensions on important outcome variables at school level, including academic performance, truancy, and antisocial behaviour. Samples: Data were collected from a sample of 901 pupils on verbal ability (as a proxy for cognitive ability), personality traits, and a number of behavioural indices, including academic performance at 14 and 16 years, number of authorized and unauthorized absences, and exclusions from school due to antisocial conduct. Methods: During the first stage of the study, seven schools participated in all three phases. Teachers administered a questionnaire battery in class according to a detailed protocol. Additional data were collected from school archives. Results: Analysis of the data through multi-group (male and female puplis) structural equation modelling indicated a very strong effect of verbal ability on academic performance. Extraversion and psychoticism were negatively related to academic performance, although their effects were weak and moderated by gender. Verbal ability, extraversion, and psychoticism predicted absenteeism, truancy, and exclusions from school due to disruptive conduct. The latter three were negatively associated with academic performance. Conclusions: The findings indicate that major individual difference dimensions like verbal ability and personality traits, have a strong influence on important outcome variables at school level, including academic performance, truancy, and antisocial behaviour. Without fully acknowledging the crucial role of individual differences in shaping behaviour and achievement at school, the timely identification of pupils at risk, and the development of effective intervention schemes will be difficult. (Author).
Anmerkungen	The British Psychological Society, St Andrews House, 48 Princess Road, East Leicester, LE1 7DR UK. Tel: 0116-254-9568.
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10