Ecological Validity of Don't Remember and Don't Know for Distinguishing Accessibility- Versus Availability-Based Retrieval Failures in Older and Younger Adults: Knowledge for News Events

Autor/inn/en	Umanath, Sharda; Coane, Jennifer H.; Huff, Mark J.; Cimenian, Tamar; Chang, Kai
Titel	Ecological Validity of Don't Remember and Don't Know for Distinguishing Accessibility- Versus Availability-Based Retrieval Failures in Older and Younger Adults: Knowledge for News Events
Quelle	In: Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 8 (2023), Artikel 2 (17 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Umanath, Sharda)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
DOI	10.1186/s41235-022-00458-7
Schlagwörter	Older Adults; Young Adults; Recall (Psychology); Memory; Current Events; Metacognition; Accuracy; Age Differences; Reliability; Validity; Aging (Individuals); Familiarity; Phenomenology; Naturalistic Observation + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Älterer Erwachsener; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Abberufung; Gedächtnis; Aktualität; Meta cognitive ability; Meta-cognition; Metakognitive Fähigkeit; Metakognition; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Reliabilität; Gültigkeit; Aging; Altern; Phenomenological psychology; Phänomenologie; Psychologie; Naturbeobachtung
Abstract	With pursuit of incremental progress and generalizability of findings in mind, we examined a possible boundary for older and younger adults' metacognitive distinction between what is not stored in memory versus merely inaccessible with materials that are not process pure to knowledge or events: information regarding news events. Participants were asked questions about public events such as celebrity news, tragedies, and political events that were widely experienced in the previous 10-12 years, responding "I don't know" (DK) or "I don't remember" (DR) when retrieval failed. Memories of these events are relatively recently acquired in rich, naturalistic contexts and are likely not fully separated from episodic details. When retrieval failed, DR items were recognized with higher accuracy than DK items, both immediately and 2 years later, confirming that self-reported "not remembering" reflects failures of accessibility, whereas "not knowing" better captures a lack of availability. In fact, older adults distinguished between the causes of retrieval failures more precisely than younger adults. Together, these findings advance the reliability, validity, and generalizability of using DR and DK as a metacognitive tool to address the phenomenological experience and behavioral consequences of retrieval failures of information that contains both semantic and episodic features. Implications for metacognition in aging and related constructs like familiarity, remembering, and knowing are discussed. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01