Flexibility in Action: Development of Locomotion under Overhead Barriers

Autor/inn/en	Rachwani, Jaya; Herzberg, Orit; Kaplan, Brianna E.; Comalli, David M.; O'Grady, Sinclaire; Adolph, Karen E.
Titel	Flexibility in Action: Development of Locomotion under Overhead Barriers
Quelle	In: Developmental Psychology, 58 (2022) 5, S.807-820 (14 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Rachwani, Jaya) ORCID (Herzberg, Orit) ORCID (Kaplan, Brianna E.) ORCID (Comalli, David M.) ORCID (O'Grady, Sinclaire) ORCID (Adolph, Karen E.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1649
DOI	10.1037/dev0001336
Schlagwörter	Motor Development; Behavior; Infants; Adults; Performance Tests; Barriers; Problem Solving + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Motorische Entwicklung; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Leistungsbeurteilung; Leistungsermittlung; Leistungsmessung; Leistungsüberprüfung; Problemlösen
Abstract	Behavioral flexibility--the ability to tailor motor actions to changing body-environment relations--is critical for functional movement. Navigating the everyday environment requires the ability to generate a wide repertoire of actions, select the appropriate action for the current situation, and implement it quickly and accurately. We used a new, adjustable barrier paradigm to assess flexibility of motor actions in 20 17-month-old (eight girls, 12 boys) and 14 13-month-old (seven girls, eight boys) walking infants and a comparative sample of 14 adults (eight women, six men). Most participants were White, non-Hispanic, and middle class. Participants navigated under barriers normalized to their standing height (overhead, eye, chest, hip, and knee heights). Decreases in barrier height required lower postures for passage. Every participant altered their initial walking posture according to barrier height for every trial, and all but two 13-month-olds found solutions for passage. Compared to infants, adults displayed a wider variety of strategies (squat-walking, half-kneeling, etc.), found more appropriate solutions based on barrier height (ducked at eye height and low crawled at knee height), and implemented their solutions more quickly (within 4 s) and accurately (without bumping their heads against the barrier). Infants frequently crawled even when the barrier height did not warrant a low posture, displayed multiple postural shifts prior to passage and thus took longer to go, and often bumped their heads. Infants' improvements were related to age and walking experience. Thus, development of flexibility likely involves the contributions of multiple domains--motor, perception, and cognition--that facilitate strategy selection and implementation. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01