Bilingualism Alters Infants' Cortical Organization for Attentional Orienting Mechanisms

Autor/inn/en	Arredondo, Maria M.; Aslin, Richard N.; Werker, Janet F.
Titel	Bilingualism Alters Infants' Cortical Organization for Attentional Orienting Mechanisms
Quelle	In: Developmental Science, 25 (2022) 2, (14 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Arredondo, Maria M.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1467-7687
DOI	10.1111/desc.13172
Schlagwörter	Bilingualism; Cognitive Ability; Infants; Spectroscopy; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Language Usage; Attention; Performance + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Bilingualismus; Denkfähigkeit; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Spektroskopie; Sprachgebrauch; Aufmerksamkeit; Achievement; Leistung
Abstract	A bilingual environment is associated with changes in the brain's structure and function. Some suggest that bilingualism also improves higher-cognitive functions in infants as young as 6-months, yet whether this effect is associated with changes in the infant brain remains unknown. In the present study, we measured brain activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy in monolingual- and bilingual-raised 6- and 10-month-old infants. Infants completed an orienting attention task, in which a cue was presented prior to an object appearing on the same (Valid) or opposite (Invalid) side of a display. Task performance did not differ between the groups but neural activity did. At 6-months, both groups showed greater activity for Valid (> Invalid) trials in frontal regions (left hemisphere for bilinguals, right hemisphere for monolinguals). At 10-months, bilinguals showed greater activity for Invalid (> Valid) trials in bilateral frontal regions, while monolinguals showed greater brain activity for Valid (> Invalid) trials in left frontal regions. Bilinguals' brain activity trended with their parents' reporting of dual-language mixing when speaking to their child. These findings are the first to indicate how early (dual) language experience can alter the cortical organization underlying broader, non-linguistic cognitive functions during the first year of life. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01