Speech-in-Speech Recognition and Spatially Selective Attention in Children and Adults

Autor/inn/en	Kane, Stacey G.; Dean, Kelly M.; Buss, Emily
Titel	Speech-in-Speech Recognition and Spatially Selective Attention in Children and Adults
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 64 (2021) 9, S.3617-3626 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Kane, Stacey G.) ORCID (Buss, Emily)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
Schlagwörter	Attention; Speech; Children; Adults; Word Recognition; Age Differences; Cues; Spatial Ability + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Aufmerksamkeit; Speaking; Sprechen; Child; Kind; Kinder; Worterkennung; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Stichwort; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen
Abstract	Purpose: Knowing target location can improve adults' speech-in-speech recognition in complex auditory environments, but it is unknown whether young children listen selectively in space. This study evaluated masked word recognition with and without a pretrial cue to location to characterize the influence of listener age and masker type on the benefit of spatial cues. Method: Participants were children (5-13 years of age) and adults with normal hearing. Testing occurred in a 180° arc of 11 loudspeakers. Targets were spondees produced by a female talker and presented from a randomly selected loudspeaker; that location was either known, based on a pretrial cue, or unknown. Maskers were two sequences comprising spondees or speech-shaped noise bursts, each presented from a random loudspeaker. Speech maskers were produced by one male talker or by three talkers, two male and one female. Results: Children and adults benefited from the pretrial cue to target location with the three-voice masker, and the magnitude of benefit increased with increasing child age. There was no benefit of location cues in the one-voice or noise-burst maskers. Incorrect responses in the three-voice masker tended to correspond to masker words produced by the female talker, and in the location-known condition, those masker intrusions were more likely near the cued loudspeaker for both age groups. Conclusions: Increasing benefit of the location cue with increasing child age in the three-voice masker suggests maturation of spatially selective attention, but error patterns do not support this idea. Differences in performance in the location-unknown condition could play a role in the differential benefit of the location cue. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01