Autonomic and Electrophysiological Evidence for Reduced Auditory Habituation in Autism

Autor/inn/en	Gandhi, Tapan K.; Tsourides, Kleovoulos; Singhal, Nidhi; Cardinaux, Annie; Jamal, Wasifa; Pantazis, Dimitrios; Kjelgaard, Margaret; Sinha, Pawan
Titel	Autonomic and Electrophysiological Evidence for Reduced Auditory Habituation in Autism
Quelle	In: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51 (2021) 7, S.2218-2228 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Gandhi, Tapan K.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0162-3257
DOI	10.1007/s10803-020-04636-8
Schlagwörter	Young Adults; Adolescents; Autism; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Auditory Stimuli; Auditory Discrimination; Habituation; Sensory Experience; Physiology; Responses; Genetics; Identification; At Risk Persons + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Autismus; Auditive Stimulation; Sinnerfahrung; Physiologie; Humangenetik; Identifikation; Identifizierung; Risikogruppe
Abstract	It is estimated that nearly 90% of children on the autism spectrum exhibit sensory atypicalities. What aspects of sensory processing are affected in autism? Although sensory processing can be studied along multiple dimensions, two of the most basic ones involve examining instantaneous sensory responses and how the responses change over time. These correspond to the dimensions of 'sensitivity' and 'habituation'. Results thus far have indicated that autistic individuals do not differ systematically from controls in sensory acuity/sensitivity. However, data from studies of habituation have been equivocal. We have studied habituation in autism using two measures: galvanic skin response (GSR) and magneto-encephalography (MEG). We report data from two independent studies. The first study, was conducted with 13 autistic and 13 age-matched neurotypical young adults and used GSR to assess response to an extended metronomic sequence. The second study involved 24 participants (12 with an ASD diagnosis), different from those in study 1, spanning the pre-adolescent to young adult age range, and used MEG. Both studies reveal consistent patterns of reduced habituation in autistic participants. These results suggest that autism, through mechanisms that are yet to be elucidated, compromises a fundamental aspect of sensory processing, at least in the auditory domain. We discuss the implications for understanding sensory hypersensitivities, a hallmark phenotypic feature of autism, recently proposed theoretical accounts, and potential relevance for early detection of risk for autism. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01