Causal Pathways for Specific Language Impairment: Lessons from Studies of Twins

Autor/in	Rice, Mabel L.
Titel	Causal Pathways for Specific Language Impairment: Lessons from Studies of Twins
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 63 (2020) 10, S.3224-3235 (12 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Rice, Mabel L.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
Schlagwörter	Twins; Genetics; Language Impairments; Age Differences; Language Acquisition; Grammar; Morphology (Languages); Attribution Theory; Research Reports; Preschool Children; Adolescents; Models; Longitudinal Studies; Language Skills; Measures (Individuals); Language Tests; Foreign Countries; Australia; MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory; Test of Early Language Development + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Twin; Zwilling; Humangenetik; Speech disorder; Speech disorders; Speech disabilities; Speech disability; Speech handicap; Speech handicaps; Speech impairment; Speech impairments; Language handicaps; Sprachbehinderung; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Sprachaneignung; Spracherwerb; Grammatik; Morphology; Morphologie; Research report; Forschungsbericht; Pre-school age; Preschool age; Child; Children; Pre-school education; Preschool education; Vorschulalter; Kind; Kinder; Vorschulkind; Vorschulkinder; Vorschulerziehung; Vorschule; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Analogiemodell; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Language skill; Sprachkompetenz; Messdaten; Language test; Sprachtest; Ausland; Australien
Abstract	Purpose: This review article summarizes a program of longitudinal investigation of twins' language acquisition with a focus on causal pathways for specific language impairment (SLI) and nonspecific language impairment in children at 4 and 6 years with known history at 2 years. Method: The context of the overview is established by legacy scientific papers in genetics, language, and SLI. Five recent studies of twins are summarized, from 2 to 16 years of age, with a longitudinal perspective of heritability over multiple speech, language, and cognitive phenotypes. Results: Replicated moderate-to-high heritability is reported across ages, phenotypes, full population estimates, and estimates for clinical groups. Key outcomes are documentation of a twinning effect of risk for late language acquisition in twins that persists through 6 years of age, greater for monozygotic than dizygotic twins (although zygosity effects disappear at 6 years); heritability is greater for grammar and morphosyntax than other linguistic dimensions, from age 2 years through age 16 years, replicated within twin samples at subsequent age levels and across twin samples at age 16 years. Conclusion: There is consistent support for legacy models of genetic influences on language acquisition, updated with a more precise growth signaling disruption model supported by twin data, as well as singleton data of children with SLI and nonspecific language impairment. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01