Beyond Family-Level Adversities: Exploring the Developmental Timing of Neighborhood Disadvantage Effects on the Brain

Autor/inn/en	Gard, Arianna M.; Maxwell, Andrea M.; Shaw, Daniel S.; Mitchell, Colter; Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne; McLanahan, Sara S.; Forbes, Erika E.; Monk, Christopher S.; Hyde, Luke W.
Titel	Beyond Family-Level Adversities: Exploring the Developmental Timing of Neighborhood Disadvantage Effects on the Brain
Quelle	In: Developmental Science, 24 (2021) 1, (15 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Gard, Arianna M.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1467-7687
DOI	10.1111/desc.12985
Schlagwörter	Brain; Disadvantaged Environment; Neighborhoods; Individual Development; Males; Economically Disadvantaged; Environmental Influences; Children; Adolescents; Young Adults; Age Differences + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Gehirn; Neighbourhoods; Nachbarschaft; Individuelle Entwicklung; Male; Männliches Geschlecht; Environmental influence; Umwelteinfluss; Child; Kind; Kinder; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied
Abstract	A growing literature suggests that adversity is associated with later altered brain function, particularly within the corticolimbic system that supports emotion processing and salience detection (e.g., amygdala, prefrontal cortex [PFC]). Although neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage has been shown to predict maladaptive behavioral outcomes, particularly for boys, most of the research linking adversity to corticolimbic function has focused on family-level adversities. Moreover, although animal models and studies of normative brain development suggest that there may be sensitive periods during which adversity exerts stronger effects on corticolimbic development, little prospective evidence exists in humans. Using two low-income samples of boys (n = 167; n = 77), Census-derived neighborhood disadvantage during early childhood, but not adolescence, was uniquely associated with greater amygdala, but not PFC, reactivity to ambiguous neutral faces in adolescence and young adulthood. These associations remained after accounting for several family-level adversities (e.g., low family income, harsh parenting), highlighting the independent and developmentally specific neural effects of the neighborhood context. Furthermore, in both samples, indicators measuring income and poverty status of neighbors were predictive of amygdala function, suggesting that neighborhood economic resources may be critical to brain development. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01