The Role of Reasoning and Pragmatics in the Modifier Effect

Autor/inn/en	Strößner, Corina; Schurz, Gerhard
Titel	The Role of Reasoning and Pragmatics in the Modifier Effect
Quelle	In: Cognitive Science, 44 (2020) 2, (35 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1551-6709
DOI	10.1111/cogs.12815
Schlagwörter	Abstract Reasoning; Pragmatics; Nouns; Form Classes (Languages); Inferences; Cognitive Processes; Probability; Concept Formation + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Abstraktes Denken; Denken; Pragmalinguistik; Analytischer Sprachbau; Inference; Inferenz; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Concept learning; Begriffsbildung
Abstract	The modifier effect refers to the fact that the perceived likelihood of a property in a noun category is diminished if the noun is modified. For example, "Pigs live on farms" is rated as more likely than "Dirty pigs live on farms." The modifier effect has been demonstrated in many studies, but the underlying cognitive mechanisms are still unclear. This paper reports two series of experiments that jointly point to the conclusion that the modifier effect is the result of a superposition of three cognitive mechanisms: (a) probabilistically softened default inheritance, (b) pragmatic implicatures due to Gricean relevance assumptions, and (c) inference based on world knowledge. We present evidence that the pragmatic effects operate largely on an unconscious level and that their influence can be reduced by changing the presentation format of the cognitive task. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01