Scanpath Similarity Measure Reveals Not Only a Decreased Social Preference, but Also an Increased Nonsocial Preference in Individuals with Autism

Autor/inn/en	Król, Magdalena Ewa; Król, Michal
Titel	Scanpath Similarity Measure Reveals Not Only a Decreased Social Preference, but Also an Increased Nonsocial Preference in Individuals with Autism
Quelle	In: Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 24 (2020) 2, S.374-386 (13 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Król, Magdalena Ewa)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1362-3613
DOI	10.1177/1362361319865809
Schlagwörter	Autism; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Eye Movements; Preferences; Visual Aids; Attention; Differences; Repetition; Bias + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Autismus; Augenbewegung; Anschauungsmaterial; Aufmerksamkeit; Unterscheiden; Wiederholung
Abstract	We compared scanpath similarity in response to repeated presentations of social and nonsocial images representing natural scenes in a sample of 30 participants with autism spectrum disorder and 32 matched typically developing individuals. We used scanpath similarity (calculated using ScanMatch) as a novel measure of attentional bias or preference, which constrains eye-movement patterns by directing attention to specific visual or semantic features of the image. We found that, compared with the control group, scanpath similarity of participants with autism was significantly higher in response to nonsocial images, and significantly lower in response to social images. Moreover, scanpaths of participants with autism were more similar to scanpaths of other participants with autism in response to nonsocial images, and less similar in response to social images. Finally, we also found that in response to nonsocial images, scanpath similarity of participants with autism did not decline with stimulus repetition to the same extent as in the control group, which suggests more perseverative attention in the autism spectrum disorder group. These results show a preferential fixation on certain elements of social stimuli in typically developing individuals compared with individuals with autism, and on certain elements of nonsocial stimuli in the autism spectrum disorder group, compared with the typically developing group. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01