Evaluation and Training of Executive Functions in Genocide Survivors. The Case of Yazidi Children

Autor/inn/en	Pellizzoni, Sandra; Apuzzo, Gian Matteo; De Vita, Chiara; Agostini, Tiziano; Passolunghi, Maria Chiara
Titel	Evaluation and Training of Executive Functions in Genocide Survivors. The Case of Yazidi Children
Quelle	In: Developmental Science, 22 (2019) 5, (14 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1467-7687
DOI	10.1111/desc.12798
Schlagwörter	Executive Function; Minority Groups; Stress Variables; Trauma; Child Development; War; Socioeconomic Influences; Comparative Analysis; Preschool Children; Foreign Countries; Death; Ethnic Groups; Universities; Educational Opportunities; Cross Cultural Studies; Italy; Iraq + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ethnische Minderheit; Kindesentwicklung; Krieg; Sozioökonomischer Faktor; Pre-school age; Preschool age; Child; Children; Pre-school education; Preschool education; Vorschulalter; Kind; Kinder; Vorschulkind; Vorschulkinder; Vorschulerziehung; Vorschule; Ausland; Sterbefall; Tod; Todesfall; Ethnie; University; Universität; Bildungsangebot; Bildungschance; Cultural comparison; Kulturvergleich; Italien; Irak
Abstract	Executive Functions (EFs) development is critically affected by stress and trauma, as well as the socioeconomic context in which children grow up (Welsh, Nix, Blair, Bierman, & Nelson, 2010, Journal of Educational Psychology, 102, 43-53). Research in this field is surprisingly lacking in relation to war contexts. This study represents a first attempt at addressing this topic by evaluating EFs in Yazidi children. The Yazidi community is an ethnic and religious minority living in Iraq. From August 2014 onwards, the Yazidi community has been the target of several atrocities perpetrated by ISIS and described as genocide by the international community at large. The University of Trieste, thanks to a program financed by the Friuli Venezia Giulia Region, developed a study aimed at (a) evaluating hot and cool EFs in children living in a war context and (b) developing a specific training method to enhance hot and cool EFs in Yazidi children of preschool age (N = 53). Data related to this group of children were compared with a sample of typically developing Italian children randomly assigned to either an EFs training group (N = 55) or a passive control group (N = 51). Results indicate different baselines in EFs in Yazidi and Italian samples and a significant effect of the program on both trained groups, especially in tasks measuring hot EFs. Data are discussed in terms of hot and cool EFs in children growing in adverse environments, as well as the evaluation of educational and developmental opportunities to prevent children who survived genocide from becoming a 'lost generation'. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://youtu.be/7t_08TbxR_8. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01