Evolution of the Wealth Gap in Child Development and Mediating Pathways: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study in Bogota, Colombia

Autor/inn/en	Rubio-Codina, Marta; Grantham-McGregor, Sally
Titel	Evolution of the Wealth Gap in Child Development and Mediating Pathways: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study in Bogota, Colombia
Quelle	In: Developmental Science, 22 (2019) 5, (15 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1467-7687
DOI	10.1111/desc.12810
Schlagwörter	Foreign Countries; Child Development; Longitudinal Studies; Family Income; Infants; Family Environment; Parent Background; Educational Attainment; Children; Academic Achievement; Intelligence Tests; Intelligence Quotient; Relocation; Private Education; Body Height; Learning; Language Acquisition; Colombia (Bogota); Bayley Scales of Infant Development; Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ausland; Kindesentwicklung; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Familieneinkommen; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Familienmilieu; Elternhaus; Bildungsabschluss; Bildungsgut; Child; Kind; Kinder; Schulleistung; Intelligence test; Intelligenztest; Intelligenzquotient; Umsetzung; Privatunterricht; Körpergröße; Lernen; Sprachaneignung; Spracherwerb
Abstract	Large gaps in cognition and language on the Bayley-III between the top and bottom household wealth quartiles in 1,330 children aged 6-42 months in a representative sample of low- and middle-income families in Bogota were previously shown. Maternal education and the home environment mediated these wealth effects, whereas height-for-age mediated a small amount of the language deficit only. At ages 6-8 years, we relocated 72% of the children and assessed their IQ on the WISC-V, school achievement, and behavior to investigate the evolution of the wealth gaps and potential mediators. The wealth gap in IQ at 6-8 years was significantly larger than that in a factor combining Bayley-III language and cognition at 6-42 months; whereas the gap in achievement was larger but not significantly. Moreover, in cross-sectional analysis, the IQ gap increased from 6 to 8 years reaching over 1 SD. In contrast, the gap in behavior was not significant in either childhood stage. Parental education and early home environment remained major mediators of the wealth gap in IQ and achievement at 6-8 years; later home environment and attending private education also had an effect; and early height-for-age was no longer significant. The home environment partly mediated the effect of parental education on wealth. All mediators combined explained most of the variance in the wealth gap; the remaining gaps being not significant. Results highlight the importance of the early home environment and suggest that interventions focusing on that should have long-term benefits. Also, continued intervention through to 8 years may be desirable. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01