Selective Attention to the Mouth of Talking Faces in Monolinguals and Bilinguals Aged 5 Months to 5 Years

Autor/inn/en	Morin-Lessard, Elizabeth; Poulin-Dubois, Diane; Segalowitz, Norman; Byers-Heinlein, Krista
Titel	Selective Attention to the Mouth of Talking Faces in Monolinguals and Bilinguals Aged 5 Months to 5 Years
Quelle	In: Developmental Psychology, 55 (2019) 8, S.1640-1655 (16 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Morin-Lessard, Elizabeth) ORCID (Poulin-Dubois, Diane) ORCID (Segalowitz, Norman) ORCID (Byers-Heinlein, Krista)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1649
DOI	10.1037/dev0000750
Schlagwörter	Infants; Young Children; Age Differences; Monolingualism; Bilingualism; Cues; Nonverbal Communication; Human Body; Attention; English; French; Russian; Adults; Native Speakers; Toddlers; Language Skills; Foreign Countries; Canada; MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Frühe Kindheit; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Bilingualismus; Stichwort; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Menschlicher Körper; Aufmerksamkeit; English language; Englisch; Französisch; Russisch; Muttersprachler; Infants; Language skill; Sprachkompetenz; Ausland; Kanada
Abstract	A talking face provides redundant cues on the mouth that might support language learning and highly salient social cues in the eyes. What drives children's looking toward the mouth versus eyes of a talking face? This study reports data from 292 children who viewed faces speaking English, French, and Russian. We investigated the impact of children's age (5 months to 5 years) and language background (monolingual English, monolingual French, bilingual English-French), and the speaker's language (dominant, nondominant, or nonnative) relative to children's native language(s). Data from 129 bilingual adults were also collected for comparison. Five-month-olds showed balanced attention to the eyes and mouth, but children up to 5 years tended to be most interested in the mouth. In contrast, adults were most interested in the eyes. We found little evidence for different patterns of attention for monolinguals versus bilinguals, or to a native versus a nonnative speaker. Using percentile scores, monolinguals with larger productive vocabularies looked more at the mouth, while bilinguals with larger comprehension vocabularies looked marginally less at the mouth, although both effects were small and not as robust with raw vocabulary scores. Children showed large but stable individual variability in their face scanning patterns across different speakers. Our results show that the way that children allocate their attention to talking faces continues to change from infancy through the preschool years and beyond. Future studies will need to go beyond looking at bilingualism, speaker language, and vocabulary size to understand what drives children's in-the-moment attention to talking faces. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01