Does Early Active Bilingualism Enhance Inhibitory Control and Monitoring? A Propensity-Matching Analysis

Autor/inn/en	Hartanto, Andree; Yang, Hwajin
Titel	Does Early Active Bilingualism Enhance Inhibitory Control and Monitoring? A Propensity-Matching Analysis
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 45 (2019) 2, S.360-378 (19 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/xlm0000581
Schlagwörter	Bilingualism; Inhibition; Metacognition; Immigrants; Student Motivation; Self Control; Extracurricular Activities; Accuracy; Task Analysis; Reaction Time; Cognitive Ability; Correlation; Tests; Attention Control; Physical Fitness; Exercise; Music Education; College Students; Foreign Countries; English (Second Language); Second Language Learning; Mandarin Chinese; Indonesian; Korean; Sino Tibetan Languages; Indo European Languages; Vietnamese; Dravidian Languages; Native Language; Intelligence Tests; Verbal Ability; Vocabulary; Singapore; Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Bilingualismus; Hemmung; Meta cognitive ability; Meta-cognition; Metakognitive Fähigkeit; Metakognition; Immigrant; Immigrantin; Immigranten; Schulische Motivation; Selbstbeherrschung; Außerunterrichtliche Aktivität; Aufgabenanalyse; Reaktionsvermögen; Denkfähigkeit; Korrelation; Examination; Prüfung; Examen; Aufmerksamkeitstest; Leistungsfähigkeit; Übung; Musikerziehung; Collegestudent; Ausland; English as second language; English; Second Language; Englisch als Zweitsprache; Zweitsprachenerwerb; Koreanisch; Indoeuropäisch; Intelligence test; Intelligenztest; Mündliche Leistung; Wortschatz; Singapur
Abstract	Prior research suggesting that longer bilingual experience benefits inhibitory control and monitoring has been criticized for a lack of control over confounding variables. We addressed this issue by using a propensity-score matching procedure that enabled us to match early and late bilinguals on 18 confounding variables--for example, demographic characteristics, immigration status, fitness, extracurricular training, motivation, and emotionality--that have been shown to influence cognitive control. Before early and late bilinguals were matched (N = 196), we found early active bilingual advantages in flanker effects (in accuracy), global accuracy, and sensitivity (d') on the Attention Network Test for Interaction and Vigilance and global accuracy on the saccade task. After matching (n = 113), many of the early active bilingual advantages that had been identified before matching were either attenuated or disappeared. However, we observed that early active bilingual advantages in flanker effects (in response time) were strengthened after matching. These results stress robust early active bilingual advantages in inhibitory control and highlight the importance of matching language groups on nonlinguistic covariates. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01