Time in Causal Structure Learning

Autor/inn/en	Bramley, Neil R.; Gerstenberg, Tobias; Mayrhofer, Ralf; Lagnado, David A.
Titel	Time in Causal Structure Learning
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44 (2018) 12, S.1880-1910 (31 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Bramley, Neil R.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/xlm0000548
Schlagwörter	Time; Causal Models; Associative Learning; Learning Processes; Inferences; Adults; Visual Stimuli; Video Technology; Experimental Psychology + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Zeit; Kausalanalyse; Learning process; Lernprozess; Inference; Inferenz; Experimentelle Psychologie
Abstract	A large body of research has explored how the time between two events affects judgments of causal strength between them. In this article, we extend this work in 4 experiments that explore the role of temporal information in causal structure induction with multiple variables. We distinguish two qualitatively different types of information: The "order" in which events occur, and the "temporal intervals" between those events. We focus on one-shot learning in Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, we explore how people integrate evidence from multiple observations of the same causal device. Participants' judgments are well predicted by a Bayesian model that rules out causal structures that are inconsistent with the observed temporal order, and favors structures that imply similar intervals between causally connected components. In Experiments 3 and 4, we look more closely at participants' sensitivity to exact event timings. Participants see three events that always occur in the same order, but the variability and correlation between the timings of the events is either more consistent with a chain or a fork structure. We show, for the first time, that even when order cues do not differentiate, people can still make accurate causal structure judgments on the basis of interval variability alone. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01