Forward and Backward Masking of Consonants in School-Age Children and Adults

Autor/inn/en	Porter, Heather L.; Spitzer, Emily R.; Buss, Emily; Leibold, Lori J.; Grose, John H.
Titel	Forward and Backward Masking of Consonants in School-Age Children and Adults
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 61 (2018) 7, S.1807-1814 (8 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
DOI	10.1044/2018_JSLHR-H-17-0403
Schlagwörter	Acoustics; Phonemes; Vowels; Children; Adults; Word Recognition; Verbal Stimuli; Auditory Tests; Experiments; Speech; Hearing (Physiology) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Akustik; Fonem; Child; Kind; Kinder; Worterkennung; Auditory test; Autismus; Erprobung; Speaking; Sprechen; Gehör; Hören
Abstract	Purpose: This experiment sought to determine whether children's increased susceptibility to nonsimultaneous masking, particularly backward masking, is evident for speech stimuli. Method: Five- to 9-year-olds and adults with normal hearing heard nonsense consonant-vowel-consonant targets. In Experiments 1 and 2, those targets were presented between two 250-ms segments of 70-dB-SPL speech-shaped noise, at either -30 dB signal-to-noise ratio (Experiment 1) or at the listener's word recognition threshold (Experiment 2). In Experiment 3, the target was presented in steady speech-shaped noise at listener threshold. For all experiments, percent correct was estimated for initial and final consonants. Results: In the nonsimultaneous noise conditions, child-adult differences were larger for the final consonant than the initial consonant whether listeners were tested at -30 dB signal-to-noise ratio (Experiment 1) or at their individual word recognition threshold (Experiment 2). Children were not particularly susceptible to backward masking relative to adults when tested in a steady masker (Experiment 3). Conclusions: Child-adult differences were greater for backward than forward masking for speech in a nonsimultaneous noise masker, as observed in previous psychophysical studies using tonal stimuli. Children's greater susceptibility to nonsimultaneous masking, and backward masking in particular, could play a role in their limited ability to benefit from masker envelope modulation when recognizing masked speech. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01