Reactive and Proactive Interference Control in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder across the Lifespan

Autor/inn/en	Lever, Anne G.; Ridderinkhof, K. Richard; Marsman, Maarten; Geurts, Hilde M.
Titel	Reactive and Proactive Interference Control in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder across the Lifespan
Quelle	In: Developmental Psychology, 53 (2017) 2, S.379-395 (17 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1649
DOI	10.1037/dev0000219
Schlagwörter	Autism; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Responses; Self Control; Males; Late Adolescents; Young Adults; Error Patterns; Conflict; Comparative Analysis; Age Differences; Aging (Individuals); Visual Stimuli; Visual Perception; Reaction Time; Accuracy; Intelligence Tests; Statistical Analysis; Foreign Countries; Diagnostic Tests; Observation; Netherlands; Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Autismus; Selbstbeherrschung; Male; Männliches Geschlecht; Halbstarker; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Fehlertyp; Konflikt; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Aging; Altern; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Reaktionsvermögen; Intelligence test; Intelligenztest; Statistische Analyse; Ausland; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Beobachtung; Niederlande
Abstract	As a large heterogeneity is observed across studies on interference control in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), research may benefit from the use of a cognitive framework that models specific processes underlying reactive and proactive control of interference. Reactive control refers to the expression and suppression of responses and proactive control refers to the adjustment of response to previous situations. We administered a Simon conflict task in 2 independent adult samples (IQ >80) and applied distributional analyses to examine temporal dynamics of interference control in ASD. Along comparable interference effects in both reactive and proactive control, young men (n = 23, 18-36 years) diagnosed with ASD made as many fast errors on conflict trials as neurotypical controls (n = 19) and showed similar suppression on slow responses (Study 1). However, over the adult life span (19-79 years), individuals with ASD (n = 118) made fewer fast errors on conflict trials, and had overall slower and more accurate responses than controls (n = 160; Study 2). These results converge to the idea that individuals with ASD adopt a more cautious response bias over the adult life span, which is not yet observed among young adults. Our findings suggest that it is fruitful to distinguish different processes involved in interference control and contribute to an increased understanding of interference control mechanisms in adults with ASD. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01