The Role of Long-Term Memory in a Test of Visual Working Memory: Proactive Facilitation but No Proactive Interference

Autor/inn/en	Oberauer, Klaus; Awh, Edward; Sutterer, David W.
Titel	The Role of Long-Term Memory in a Test of Visual Working Memory: Proactive Facilitation but No Proactive Interference
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43 (2017) 1, S.1-22 (22 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/xlm0000302
Schlagwörter	Long Term Memory; Short Term Memory; Visual Perception; Interference (Learning); Color; College Students; Foreign Countries; Switzerland + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Langzeitgedächtnis; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Colour; Farbbezeichnung; Farbe; Collegestudent; Ausland; Schweiz
Abstract	We report 4 experiments examining whether associations in visual working memory are subject to proactive interference from long-term memory (LTM). Following a long-term learning phase in which participants learned the colors of 120 unique objects, a working memory (WM) test was administered in which participants recalled the precise colors of 3 concrete objects in an array. Each array in the WM test consisted of 1 old (previously learned) object with a new color (old-mismatch), 1 old object with its old color (old-match), and 1 new object. Experiments 1 to 3 showed that WM performance was better in the old-match condition than in the new condition, reflecting a beneficial contribution from LTM. In the old-mismatch condition, participants sometimes reported colors associated with the relevant shape in LTM, but the probability of successful recall was equivalent to that in the new condition. Thus, information from LTM only intruded in the absence of reportable information in WM. Experiment 4 tested for, and failed to find, proactive interference from the preceding trial in the WM test: Performance in the old-mismatch condition, presenting an object from the preceding trial with a new color, was equal to performance with new objects. Experiment 5 showed that long-term memory for object-color associations is subject to proactive interference. We conclude that the exchange of information between LTM and WM appears to be controlled by a gating mechanism that protects the contents of WM from proactive interference but admits LTM information when it is useful. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01