Maternal Behavior Modifications during Pretense and Their Long-Term Effects on Toddlers' Understanding of Pretense

Autor/in	Nakamichi, Naoko
Titel	Maternal Behavior Modifications during Pretense and Their Long-Term Effects on Toddlers' Understanding of Pretense
Quelle	In: Journal of Cognition and Development, 16 (2015) 4, S.541-558 (18 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1524-8372
DOI	10.1080/15248372.2014.926271
Schlagwörter	Mothers; Behavior Modification; Toddlers; Comprehension; Foreign Countries; Infants; Nonverbal Communication; Eye Movements; Auditory Stimuli; Food; Predictor Variables; Adults; Symbolic Learning; Imagination; Coding; Child Behavior; Parent Influence; Age Differences; Correlation; Japan + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Mother; Mutter; Behaviour modification; Verhaltensänderung; Infant; Infants; Toddler; Kleinkind; Verstehen; Verständnis; Ausland; Toddlers; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Augenbewegung; Auditive Stimulation; Lebensmittel; Prädiktor; Symboldidaktik; Codierung; Programmierung; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Korrelation
Abstract	Recent studies indicate the need to investigate the sources of toddlers' understanding of another person's pretense. The present study is a cultural and longitudinal extension of the work of Lillard and Witherington (2004), who claimed that mothers modify their behaviors during pretense and that the some of these behavior modifications help their toddlers understand maternal pretense. Experiment 1 investigated whether mothers would change their behaviors during pretense with a sample of 31 Japanese mother-infant pairs. Experiment 2, with a subsample of 20 mother-child pairs who had participated in Experiment 1, examined whether the maternal behavior modifications at 18 months predicted their toddlers' understanding of pretense at 24 months. The results of Experiment 1 indicated that Japanese mothers smiled more frequently, gazed at their toddlers longer, used sound effects more frequently, and engaged in more frequent snack-related actions in a "pretense condition" than in a "real condition." In addition, some of these behaviors were significantly related to their toddlers' apparent understanding of pretense. Experiment 2 showed that both the frequency of maternal smiles and the number of sound effects in the pretense condition at 18 months predicted toddlers' understanding of the pretense enacted by a strange adult at 24 months. This research indicates the impact of maternal behavior modifications during pretense on the development of symbolic thought in the 2nd year of life. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Psychology Press. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 325 Chestnut Street Suite 800, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Tel: 800-354-1420; Fax: 215-625-2940; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01